METHOD FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF ACTIVE AGENTS TO FABRIC ARTICLES OR HARD SURFACES

专利摘要:
method for delivering an active agent. the present invention relates to a method for delivering an active agent.
公开号:BR112013000044B1
申请号:R112013000044-9
申请日:2011-06-30
公开日:2022-01-04
发明作者:Robert Wayne Glenn Jr.；Gregory Charles Gordon；Mark Robert Sivik；Mark Ryan Richards；Stephen Wayne Heinzman；Michael David James；Geoffrey William Reynolds；Paul Dennis Trokhan；Alyssandrea Hope Hamad-Ebrahimpour；Frank William Denome；Stephen Joseph Hodson
申请人:The Procter & Gamble Company；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[001] The present invention relates to a method for delivering an active agent, in particular to a method for delivering an active agent from a filament and/or a fiber, a non-woven web made from filaments and/or fibers , a film made of filaments and/or fibers, and/or a film made of a non-woven mat. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[002] Filaments and/or fibers comprising a filament-forming material and an additive, such as a surfactant, a perfume, a filler, and/or other ingredient, are known in the art. For example, non-woven materials comprising fibers produced from an aqueous solution comprising 5 to 95% by weight of pullulan and 50% by weight or less, based on pullulan, of a perfume (an active agent) which is released slowly ("aroma burst") from the fiber, although fiber morphology does not change during use are known in the art and are used as sanitary products. The aqueous solution used to make the pullulan fibers additionally comprises 15%, by weight, or less, based on the pullulan, of a surfactant that functions as a processing aid, which is not released by the fiber until the fiber has decomposed. naturally after use.
[003] Fibers comprising polyvinyl alcohol and/or a polysaccharide and significantly less than 5% by weight of active agents, in which the active agents are released from the fibers, while fibers retain their fiber properties during use are also known.
[004] A cigarette filter produced from electrospun fibers comprising a polysaccharide and 10% or less by weight of an active agent, such as a flavoring, which is released from the fibers as the fibers dissolve after being placed in contact with moist air is also known in the art.
[005] In addition, fibers produced from a non-aqueous solution formed by melting a synthetic wax and adding a primary surfactant and a secondary surfactant to the molten synthetic wax and then cooling the synthetic wax/ surfactant so that fibers are formed are known in the art.
[006] Additionally, fibers and/or filaments that comprise processing auxiliary elements, such as surfactants, and/or fillers are also known. Such processing aids and/or fillers are not designed to be released from the fibers and/or filaments when the fibers and/or filaments are exposed to conditions of intended use. Additionally, the total content of processing aids within the fibers and/or filaments is significantly less than 35%, by weight of the dry filament, and the total content of fillers present in the fibers and/or filaments is typically less than 45%, by weight of dry filament.
[007] From the known examples described above, it is clear that previously existing knowledge suggested that the total content of the filament forming materials needed to exceed the total content of additives, especially the active agents, in order for the filament to have a filament structure. filament.
[008] As is evident from the above discussion, known fibers and/or filaments contain less than 50% by weight of the dry filament/fiber, of active agents that can be released from the fibers and/or filaments when exposed to conditions of intended use.
[009] In addition to the known fibers and/or filaments, there are known foams that comprise a foam-forming polymer, such as polyvinyl alcohol, and an active agent, such as a surfactant. Such foams do not contain filaments and/or fibers and/or are not non-woven substrates containing such filaments and/or fibers.
[010] Finally, as shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the prior art, there are known non-woven substrates 10 that are produced from dissolvable fibers 12 and the non-woven substrates 10 are coated and/or impregnated with an additive 14, such as an agent for skin care benefit, rather than the additive 14 that is present in the dissolvable fibers 12.
[011] As can be seen from the prior art, there is a need for a filament and/or fiber that comprises one or more filament-forming materials and one or more active agents that can be released from the filament, such as when exposed to conditions of intended use and/or when the morphology of the filament changes, whereby the total content of the one or more filament-forming materials present in the filament is 50% or less, by weight of the dry filament, and the total content of one or more active agents present in the filament is 50% or more by weight of the dry filament. Such a filament would be suitable for transporting and/or releasing active agents in various applications. Additionally, there is a desire to produce a filament that has a higher level of additive, e.g., an active agent, than the filament-forming material, e.g., a polymer, so as to optimize the release of the active agent at minimal cost and a relatively faster release rate compared to filaments that have a higher level of filament-forming material than active agent.
[012] It is also desirable to incorporate active agents into filaments that are otherwise incompatible with the carrier substrates. The present invention also allows for normally incompatible active agents to be incorporated into the filament, on the same filament and/or on different filaments within a nonwoven web comprising the different filaments.
[013] Consequently, there is a need for a method of delivering active agents and for new filaments that comprise a filament-forming material and an active agent that can be released from the filament and/or fiber and/or a non-woven mat made of filaments and/or fibers, and/or a film made of filaments and/or a non-woven mat. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[014] The present invention meets the need described above by presenting a method of releasing an active agent.
[015] In an example of the present invention, a method is provided for releasing one or more active agents, such method comprising the steps of: a. providing a non-woven batt comprising a plurality of filaments, at least one of the filaments comprising one or more filament-forming materials and one or more active agents that are removable from the filament when the filament is exposed to conditions of intended use, wherein the total content of the one or more filament-forming materials present in the filament is 50% or less by weight of the dry filament, and the total content of the one or more active agents present in the filament is 50% or more by weight of the dry filament. dry filament. and b. trigger the release of one or more of the active agents from the filament.
[016] In another example of the present invention, a method is provided for releasing one or more active agents, such method comprising the steps of: a. providing a non-woven web comprising a plurality of filaments, at least one of the filaments comprising one or more filament-forming materials and one or more active agents that are removable from the filament as the filament morphology changes, wherein the total content of one or more filament-forming materials present in the filament is less than 65%, by weight of the dry filament, and the total content of one or more active agents present in the filament is greater than 35%, by weight of the dry filament. and b. trigger the release of one or more of the active agents from the filament.
[017] In another example of the present invention, a method is provided for releasing one or more active agents, such method comprising the steps of: a. providing a non-woven mat comprising a plurality of filaments, at least one of the filaments comprising one or more filament-forming materials and one or more ingestible active agents that are removable from the filament upon ingestion by an animal, the The total content of one or more filament-forming materials present in the filament is less than 80% by weight of the dry filament, and the total content of the one or more active agents present in the filament is greater than 20% by weight of the dry filament. and b. trigger the release of one or more of the ingestible active agents from the filament.
[018] In yet another example of the present invention, a method for releasing one or more active agents is provided, said method comprising the steps of: a. providing a non-woven web comprising a plurality of filaments, at least one of the filaments comprising one or more filament-forming materials and one or more fragrance-free active agents, the total content of the fragrance-free active agents present in the filament being is greater than 35% by weight of the dry filament, and the filament releases one or more of the fragrance-free active agents when the filament is exposed to the conditions of intended use. and b. trigger the release of one or more of the non-perfuming active agents from the filament.
[019] In yet another example of the present invention, a method for releasing one or more active agents is provided, said method comprising the steps of: a. providing a filament and/or fiber comprising one or more filament-forming materials and one or more active agents that may be released from the filament when the filament is exposed to conditions of intended use, the total content of the one or more forming materials being of filament present in the filament is 50% or less by weight of the dry filament, and the total content of the one or more active agents present in the filament is 50% or more by weight, based on the dry filament; and b. trigger the release of one or more of the active agents from the filament and/or fiber.
[020] In yet another example of the present invention, a method for releasing one or more active agents is provided, said method comprising the steps of: a. providing a filament and/or fiber comprising one or more filament-forming materials and one or more active agents that are removable from the filament as the morphology of the filament changes, the total content of the one or more filament-forming materials present being in the filament is less than 65% by weight of the dry filament, and the total content of one or more active agents present in the filament is greater than 35% by weight of the dry filament. and b. trigger the release of one or more of the active agents from the filament and/or fiber.
[021] In yet another example of the present invention, a method for releasing one or more active agents is provided, said method comprising the steps of: a. provide a filament and/or fiber comprising one or more filament-forming materials and one or more ingestible active agents that are removable from the filament upon ingestion by an animal, the total content of the one or more filament-forming materials present in the filament is less than 80% by weight of the dry filament, and the total content of one or more active agents present in the filament is greater than 20% by weight of the dry filament. and b. trigger the release of one or more of the ingestible active agents from the filament and/or fiber.
[022] In yet another example of the present invention, a method for releasing one or more active agents is provided, said method comprising the steps of: a. providing a filament and/or fiber comprising one or more filament-forming materials and one or more fragrance-free active agents, the total content of fragrance-free active agents present in the filament being greater than 35%, by weight of the dry filament, and wherein the filament releases one or more of the unscented active agents when the filament is exposed to the conditions of intended use. and b. trigger the release of one or more of the non-perfuming active agents from the filament and/or fiber.
[023] In yet another example of the present invention, the filaments and/or fibers and/or the non-woven mat of the present invention can be converted into a film and one or more of the active agents can be released from the film instead of the filaments. and/or fibers and/or non-woven mat with the activation of the release of one or more of the active agents of the film.
[024] Consequently, the present invention presents a method for releasing an active agent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[025] Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a prior art non-woven substrate produced from dissolvable fibers that is coated with an additive;
[026] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 1 along line 2-2 of Figure 1;
[027] Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a filament according to the present invention;
[028] Figure 4 is a schematic representation of an example of a non-woven blanket according to the present invention;
[029] Figure 5 is a schematic representation of an apparatus suitable for making a filament in accordance with the present invention; and
[030] Figure 6 is a schematic representation of a matrix suitable for spinning a filament in accordance with the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Definitions
[031] "Filament" for use in the present invention means an elongated particulate that has a length that greatly exceeds its diameter, i.e., a length-to-diameter ratio of at least about 10.
[032] The filaments of the present invention can be spun from filament-forming compositions through suitable spinning process operations, such as blow spinning and/or continuous spinning.
[033] The filaments of the present invention can be monocomponents and/or multicomponents. For example, the filaments may comprise bicomponent filaments. The bicomponent filaments can be in any form such as side by side, core and sheath, islands in the sea and the like.
[034] The filaments of the present invention have a length greater than or equal to 5 cm (2 inches) and/or greater than or equal to 8 cm (3 inches) and/or greater than or equal to 10 cm (4 inches) and/or greater than or equal to 15 cm (6 inches).
[035] Filaments are typically considered to be continuous or substantially continuous in nature. Filaments are relatively longer than fibers (which are less than 5 cm long). Some non-limiting examples of filaments include filaments produced by extrusion into blocks with high speed hot air (meltblown) and/or continuous spinning.
[036] In one example, one or more fibers may be formed from a filament of the present invention, such as when the filaments are cut to shorter lengths (such as less than 5 cm in length). Thus, in one example, the present invention also includes a fiber produced from a filament of the present invention, such as a fiber comprising one or more filament-forming materials and one or more additives such as active agents. Therefore, references to the filament and/or filaments of the present invention also include fibers produced from such filament and/or such filaments, unless otherwise specified. Fibers are typically considered to be discontinuous in nature with respect to filaments, which are considered to be continuous in nature.
[037] The term "filament forming composition", for use in the present invention, means a composition which is suitable for making a filament of the present invention, such as by blow spinning and/or continuous spinning. The filament-forming composition comprises one or more filament-forming materials that have properties that make them suitable for spinning into a filament. In one example, the filament-forming material comprises a polymer. In addition to one or more filament-forming materials, the filament-forming composition may comprise one or more additives, for example, one or more active agents. Furthermore, the filament-forming composition may comprise one or more polar solvents, such as water, into which one or more, for example, all of the filament-forming materials and/or one or more, for example, all of the active agents are dissolved. and/or dispersed.
[038] In one example, as shown in Figure 3, a filament 16 of the present invention produced from a filament-forming composition of the present invention is such that one or more additives 18, for example, one or more active agents, can be present within the filament rather than on the filament, such as a coating, as shown in prior art Figures 1 and 2. The total content of filament-forming materials and the total content of active agents present in the filament-forming composition can be any suitable amount as long as the filaments of the present invention are produced therefrom.
[039] In one example, one or more additives, such as active agents, may be present on the filament and one or more additional additives, such as active agents, may be present on a surface of the filament. In another example, a filament of the present invention may comprise one or more additives, such as active agents, that are present in the filament when originally produced, but then explode to the surface of the filament prior to and/or upon exposure to the conditions of intended use. of the filament.
[040] The term "filament-forming material" for use in the present invention means a material, such as a polymer or monomers, capable of producing a polymer that exhibits properties suitable for making a filament. In one example, the filament-forming material comprises one or more substituted polymers such as an anionic, cationic, zwitterionic, and/or non-ionic polymer. In another example, the polymer may comprise a hydroxyl polymer such as a polyvinyl alcohol ("PVOH") and/or a polysaccharide such as starch and/or a starch derivative such as an ethoxylated starch and/or acid diluted starch. In another example, the polymer may comprise polyethylenes and/or terephthalates. In yet another example, the filament-forming material is a polar solvent soluble material.
[041] "Additive", for use in the present invention, means any material present in the filament of the present invention that is not a filament-forming material. In one example, an additive comprises an active agent. In another example, an additive comprises a processing aid. In yet another example, an additive comprises a filler. In one example, an additive comprises any material present in the filament, the absence of which from the filament would not cause it to lose its filament structure, in other words, its absence does not result in the loss of the solid form of the filament. In another example, an additive, for example an active agent, comprises a non-polymeric material.
[042] In another example, an additive comprises a plasticizer for the filament. Some non-limiting examples of plasticizers suitable for the present invention include polyols, copolyols, polycarboxylic acids, polyesters and dimethicone copolyols Examples of useful polyols include, but are not limited to, glycerin, diglycerin, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, cyclohexane dimethanol, hexanediol, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane-1,3-diol, polyethylene glycol (200600), pentaerythritol, sugar alcohols such as sorbitol, mannitol, lactitol and other low molecular weight mono- and polyhydric alcohols (e.g. C2-C8 alcohols); mono, di- and oligosaccharides such as fructose, glucose, sucrose, maltose, lactose, high fructose corn syrup solids, and dextrins, and ascorbic acid.
[043] In one example, the plasticizer includes glycerin and/or propylene glycol and/or glycerol derivatives such as propoxylated glycerol. In yet another example, the plasticizer is selected from the group consisting of glycerin, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycidol, urea, sorbitol, xylitol, maltitol, sugars, ethylene bisformamide, amino acids, and mixtures thereof.
[044] In another example, an additive comprises a crosslinking agent suitable for crosslinking one or more of the filament-forming materials present in the filaments of the present invention. In one example, the cross-linking agent comprises a cross-linking agent capable of cross-linking the hydroxyl polymers together, for example, through the hydroxyl portions of the hydroxyl polymers. Some non-limiting examples of suitable cross-linking agents include imidazolidinones, polycarboxylic acids and mixtures thereof. In one example, the cross-linking agent comprises a glyoxal urea adduct cross-linking agent, for example, a dihydroxy imidazolidinone, such as dihydroxy ethylene urea ("DHEU"). A crosslinking agent may be present in the filament-forming composition and/or filament of the present invention to control filament solubility and/or dissolution in a solvent, such as a polar solvent.
[045] In another example, an additive comprises a rheology modifier, such as a shear modifier and/or an extensional modifier. Some non-limiting examples of rheology modifiers include, but are not limited to, polyacrylamide, polyurethanes and polyacrylates that can be used in the filaments of the present invention. Some non-limiting examples of rheology modifiers are commercially available from The Dow Chemical Company (Midland, MI, USA).
[046] In yet another example, an additive comprises one or more colors and/or dyes that are incorporated into the filaments of the present invention to provide a visual signal when the filaments are exposed to conditions of intended use and/or when an active agent is released from the filaments and/or when the filament morphology changes.
[047] In yet another example, an additive comprises one or more release agents and/or lubricants. Some non-limiting examples of suitable release agents and/or lubricants include fatty acids, fatty acid salts, fatty alcohols, fatty esters, sulfonated fatty acid esters, fatty amine acetates, fatty amides, silicones, aminosilicones, fluoropolymers, and mixtures of the same. In one example, release agents and/or lubricants are applied to the filament, in other words, after the filament is formed. In one example, one or more release agents/lubricants are applied to the filament before collecting the filaments in a collection device to form a nonwoven. In another example, one or more release agents/lubricants are applied to a non-woven mat formed from the filaments of the present invention prior to contacting one or more non-woven mats, such as in a pile of fabric mats. not woven. In yet another example, one or more release agents/lubricants are applied to the filament of the present invention and/or nonwoven comprising the filament before the filament and/or nonwoven makes contact with a surface, such as an equipment surface. used in a processing system in order to facilitate removal of the filament and/or non-woven mat and/or to prevent layers of filament and/or non-woven mats of the present invention from sticking together, albeit inadvertently. In one example, the release agents/lubricants comprise particulates.
[048] In yet another example, an additive comprises one or more anti-blocking and/or anti-tacking agents. Some non-limiting examples of suitable anti-blocking and/or anti-tacking agents include starches, starch derivatives, cross-linked polyvinyl pyrrolidone, cross-linked cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, silica, metal oxides, calcium carbonate, talc, mica, and mixtures of the same.
[049] "Conditions of Intended Use" for use in the present invention means the temperature, physical, chemical, and/or mechanical conditions to which a filament of the present invention is exposed when the filament is used for one or more of its purposes. designated. For example, if a filament and/or a nonwoven blanket comprising a filament are designed to be used in a washing machine for laundry care purposes, the conditions of intended use will include temperature, chemical, physical and /or mechanics present in a washing machine, including any washing water, during a laundry operation. In another example, if a filament and/or a non-woven mat comprising a filament are designed to be used by a human as a shampoo for hair care purposes, the conditions of intended use will include temperature, chemical, , physical and/or mechanical factors present during human hair shampooing. Similarly, if a filament and/or a non-woven mat comprising a filament are designed to be used in a dishwashing operation, either by hand or by a dishwasher, the conditions of intended use will include the temperature conditions. -raturation, chemical, physical and/or mechanical present in a dishwashing water and/or dishwasher, during the dishwashing operation.
[050] "Active agent", for use in the present invention, means an additive that produces an intended effect in an environment external to a filament and/or non-woven mat comprising the filament herein, such as when the filament is exposed to the conditions of intended use of the filament and/or non-woven mat comprising the filament. In one example, an active agent comprises an additive that treats a surface, such as a hard surface (i.e. kitchen countertops, bathtubs, toilets, sinks, floors, walls, teeth, cars, windows, mirrors, dishes) and/or or a soft surface (ie fabric, hair, fur, carpet, crops, plants). In another example, an active agent comprises an additive that creates a chemical reaction (i.e., foaming, effervescence, coloring, heating, cooling, foaming, disinfection and/or clarification and/or chlorination, such as in water clarification and /or water disinfection and/or water chlorination). In yet another example, an active agent comprises an additive that treats an environment (i.e., deodorizes, purifies, perfumes the air). In one example, the active agent is formed locally, such as during formation of the filament containing the active agent, for example, the filament may comprise a water-soluble polymer (e.g. starch) and a surfactant (e.g. anionic surfactant). ), which can create a polymer or coacervate complex that functions as the active agent used to treat tissue surfaces.
[051] "Treat", for use in the present invention with respect to treating a surface means that the active agent provides a benefit to a surface or environment. Treating includes immediately regulating and/or improving the appearance, cleanliness, smell, purity and/or tactile feel of the surface or environment. In an example of treatment with respect to treating a keratinous tissue (e.g., skin and/or hair) surface means to regulate and/or immediately improve the cosmetic appearance and/or tactile feel of the keratinous tissue. For example, "regulating condition of skin, hair, or nails (keratinous tissue)" includes: thickening of skin, hair, or nails (e.g., building up of epidermis and/or dermis and/or subdermal layers [e.g. subcutaneous fat or muscle] and, where applicable, the keratinous layers of nails and hair shafts) to reduce atrophy of the skin, hair, or nails by increasing dermis-epidermis boundary convolution (also known as reticulate ridges), preventing the loss of skin or hair elasticity (loss, damage and/or inactivation of the skin's functional elastin) such as elastosis, sagging, loss of skin or hair's ability to recover after deformation; a change, whether or not related to melanin, in the coloring of the skin, hair or nails, such as dark circles, staining (e.g. irregular red coloring resulting, for example, from rosacea) (hereinafter referred to as "dark spots red"), yellowing (pale color), discoloration caused by telangiectasia or spider veins, and gray hair.
[052] In another example, treatment means removing stains and/or odors from fabric items such as clothes, towels, bed and tableware, and/or hard surfaces such as countertops and/or crockery including containers and pans.
[053] The term "personal care active agent", for use in the present invention, means an active agent that can be applied to a mammalian keratinous tissue without undue undesirable effects.
[054] "Keratinous tissue," for use in the present invention, means layers containing keratin arranged as the protective outermost layer of mammals and includes, but is not limited to, the skin, hair, scalp and nails.
[055] The term "beauty benefit", as used in the present invention, in reference to mammalian keratinous tissue, includes, but is not limited to, cleansing, inhibiting sebum, reducing oiliness and/or glowing appearance of the skin and /or hair, reduction of dryness, itching and/or flakiness, reduction of skin pore size, exfoliation, peeling, improvement of the appearance of keratinous tissue, conditioning, smoothing, deodorizing the skin and/or providing benefits antiperspirants etc.
[056] The term "active agent for beauty benefit", for use in the present invention, refers to an active agent that can apply one or more beauty benefits.
[057] "Active skin care agent", for use in the present invention, means an active agent which, when applied to the skin, provides a benefit or enhancement to the skin. It should be understood that active skin care agents are useful not only for application to the skin, but also to the hair or fur, scalp, nails and other keratinous tissues of mammals.
[058] "Hair or fur treatment active agent", for use in the present invention, means an active agent which, when applied to mammalian hair or fur, provides a benefit or enhancement to the hair or fur. Some non-limiting examples of hair or fur benefits and/or enhancements include smoothness, static control, hair repair, dandruff removal, dandruff resistance, hair or fur coloring, shape retention, hair or fur retention, and growth of hair or fur.
[059] "Active tissue treatment agent", for use in the present invention, means an active agent which, when applied to tissue, provides a benefit or enhancement to the tissue. Some non-limiting examples of benefits and/or fabric enhancements include cleaning (e.g. by surfactants), stain removal, stain reduction, wrinkle removal, color restoration, static control, wrinkle resistance, permanent press, wear reduction, wear resistance, descaling, resistance to depilation, dirt removal, dirt resistance (including dirt release), shape retention, shrinkage reduction, softness, fragrance, antibacterial resistance , antiviral, and odor, and odor removal.
[060] "Active dishwashing agent", for use in the present invention, means an active agent that, when applied to crockery, cups, containers, pans, utensils, and/or baking sheets, provides a benefit and/or improvement to crockery, glasses, containers, pans and/or baking sheets. Some non-limiting examples of benefits and/or enhancements to tableware, glasses, containers, pans, utensils, and/or baking sheets include food and/or dirt removal, cleaning (e.g., by surfactants), stain removal, stain reduction, grease removal, water stain removal and/or water stain prevention, shine, and polish.
[061] "Hard Surface Active Agent", for use in the present invention, means an active agent which, when applied to floors, counter surfaces, sinks, windows, mirrors, showers, bathtubs, and/or toilets, provides a benefit and/or enhancement to floors, counter surfaces, sinks, windows, mirrors, showers, bathtubs, and/or toilets. A non-limiting example of benefits and/or enhancements to floors, counter surfaces, sinks, windows, mirrors, showers, bathtubs, and/or toilets include food and/or dirt removal, grease removal, water and/or water stain prevention, shine and polish.
[062] "Agricultural active agent", for use in the present invention, means an active agent which, when applied to crops and/or plants, provides a benefit and/or enhancement to crops and/or plants. For example, insecticides, herbicides, fertilizers, drought resistance agents, are some non-limiting examples of suitable agricultural active agents that may be present in the filaments of the present invention.
[063] "Ingestible active agent", for use in the present invention, means an active agent that is suitable for ingestion and/or consumption by an animal, e.g. a mammal, such as a human, via the mouth. , nose, eyes, ears, skin pores, rectum, vagina, or other orifice or wound (such as application of an active agent by wound dressing) on the animal. Some non-limiting examples of active agents that may be ingested include feminine hygiene active agents, active baby care agents, active oral care agents, medicinal active agents, vitamins, dietary active agents (e.g., released in a new form). of food), active agents for pet care, and mixtures thereof.
[064] "Active agent for treating liquids", for use in the present invention, means an active agent which, when applied to a liquid, such as water and/or alcohol, provides a benefit and/or enhancement to the liquid. For example, chlorine and/or other pool chemicals are some non-limiting examples of suitable active agents for treating liquids. In another example, active agents for water clarification and/or water disinfection, such as are used in commercial water filtration and/or water treatment technologies such as PUR® are some non-limiting examples of suitable liquid treatment active agents. which may be present in the filaments of the present invention. Additionally, oil dispersing agents and/or oil sequestering agents are some non-limiting examples of other suitable liquid treatment active agents.
[065] "Industrial active agent", for use in the present invention, means an active agent that provides a benefit within an article of manufacture. For example, glue and/or adhesive to provide adhesion between two objects, insecticides incorporated into insulation such as house insulation, active oxygen-scavenging agents incorporated into packaging for food and/or perishable goods, insect repellents incorporated into articles used by humans to repel insects, and moisture scavengers incorporated in desiccants are some non-limiting examples of industrial active agents that may be present in the filaments of the present invention.
[066] "Ratio by weight", for use in the present invention, means the ratio of the weight of filament-forming material (g or %) present in the filament (based on dry filament weight) to the weight of additive, as active agent(s) (g or %) (based on dry filament weight) present in the filament.
[067] "Hydroxyl polymer", for use in the present invention, includes any hydroxyl-containing polymer that can be incorporated into a filament of the present invention, for example, as a filament-forming material. In one example, the hydroxyl polymer of the present invention includes more than 10%, and/or more than 20%, and/or more than 25%, by weight, of hydroxyl moieties.
[068] "Biodegradable", for use in the present invention, means, with respect to a material, such as a filament as a whole and/or a polymer within a filament, as a filament-forming material, that the filament and /or polymer is capable of and/or undergoes physical, chemical, thermal and/or biological degradation in a municipal solid waste composting site, such that at least 5% and/or at least 7% and/or at least 10% of the original filament and/or polymer is converted to carbon dioxide after 30 days, as measured according to OECD Guideline (1992) for Testing Chemicals 301B; Rapid biodegradability test - CO2 release (modified Sturm test), incorporated herein by way of reference.
[069] "Non-biodegradable", for use in the present invention, means, with respect to a material, such as a filament as a whole and/or a polymer within a filament, such as a filament-forming material, that the filament and/or polymer is not capable of undergoing physical, chemical, thermal and/or biological degradation at a municipal solid waste compost site, so that at least 5% of the original filament and/or polymer is converted to dioxide carbon after 30 days, as measured in accordance with OECD Guideline (1992) for Testing Chemicals 301B; Rapid biodegradability test - CO2 release (modified Sturm test), incorporated herein by way of reference.
[070] For use in the present invention, "non-thermoplastic" means, in relation to a material, such as a filament as a whole and/or a polymer within a filament, as a filament-forming material, that the filament and /or the polymer does not exhibit a melting point and/or a softening point, which allows it to flow under pressure, in the absence of a plasticizer such as water, glycerin, sorbitol, urea and the like.
[071] "Non-thermoplastic biodegradable filament", for use in the present invention, means a filament that exhibits the properties of being both biodegradable and non-thermoplastic, as defined above.
[072] "Non-biodegradable non-thermoplastic filament", for use in the present invention, means a filament that exhibits the properties of being non-biodegradable and non-thermoplastic, as defined above.
[073] "Thermoplastic", for use in the present invention, means, in relation to a material, such as a filament as a whole and/or a polymer within a filament, as a filament-forming material, that the filament and/or or the polymer exhibits a melting point and/or a softening point at a certain temperature which allows it to flow under pressure in the absence of a plasticizer.
[074] "Thermoplastic biodegradable filament", for use in the present invention, means a filament that exhibits the properties of being both biodegradable and thermoplastic, as defined above.
[075] "Thermoplastic non-biodegradable filament", for use in the present invention, means a filament that exhibits the properties of being non-biodegradable and thermoplastic, as defined above.
[076] For use in the present invention, "cellulose free" means less than 5% and/or less than 3% and/or less than 1% and/or less than 0.1% and/or 0%, by weight , cellulose polymer, cellulose-derived polymer and/or cellulose copolymer are present in the filament. In one example, "cellulose free" means that less than 5% and/or less than 3% and/or less than 1% and/or less than 0.1% and/or 0%, by weight of the cellulose polymer is present in the filament.
[077] "Polar solvent soluble material", for use in the present invention, means a material that is miscible in a polar solvent. In one example, a polar solvent soluble material is miscible with alcohol and/or water. In other words, a polar solvent-soluble material is a material that is capable of forming a stable homogeneous solution (phase separation does not occur for more than 5 minutes after the formation of a homogeneous solution) with a polar solvent such as alcohol and/or or water under ambient conditions.
[078] "Alcohol soluble material", for use in the present invention, means a material that is miscible with alcohol. In other words, a material that is capable of forming a stable homogeneous solution (phase separation does not occur for more than 5 minutes after the formation of the homogeneous solution) with an alcohol under ambient conditions.
[079] "Water-soluble material", for use in the present invention, means a material that is miscible with water. In other words, a material that is capable of forming a stable homogeneous solution (does not separate for more than 5 minutes after forming the homogeneous solution) with water at ambient conditions.
[080] "Non-polar solvent soluble material", for use in the present invention, means a material that is miscible in a non-polar solvent. In other words, a non-polar solvent-soluble material is a material that is capable of forming a stable homogeneous solution (phase separation does not occur for more than 5 minutes after formation of the homogeneous solution) with a non-polar solvent.
[081] The term "environmental conditions" for use in the present invention means 23°C ± 2°C (73°F ± 4°F) and a relative humidity of 50% ± 10%.
[082] The "weight average molecular weight" for use in the present invention means the weight average molecular weight as determined using gel permeation chromatography, according to the protocol found in Colloids and Surfaces A. Physico Chemical & Engineering Aspects, Vol. 162, 2000, pages 107 to 121.
[083] For use in the present invention in connection with a filament, "length" means the length along the longest axis of the filament, from end to end. If a filament has a knot, a ripple, or curves, then the length consists of the length along the entire path of the filament.
[084] "Diameter", for use in the present invention with respect to a filament, is measured in accordance with the Method for Diameter Testing described herein. In one example, a filament of the present invention has a diameter less than 100 μm and/or less than 75 μm and/or less than 50 μm and/or less than 25 μm and/or less than 20 μm and/or less than 15 μm and/or less than 10 μm and/or less than 6 μm and/or greater than 1 μm and/or greater than 3 μm.
[085] "Trigger condition", for use in the present invention, in one example, means anything, such as an action or event, that serves as a stimulus and initiates or precipitates a change in the filament, such as a loss or alteration of physical structure of the filament and/or a release of an additive, such as an active agent. In another example, the trigger condition may be present in an environment, such as water, when a filament and/or non-woven mat and/or film of the present invention is added to water. In other words, nothing changes in water with the exception of the fact that the filament and/or non-woven and/or film of the present invention is added to the water.
[086] "Morphology changes", for use in the present invention, with respect to a change in the morphology of a filament means that the filament undergoes a change in its physical structure. Some non-limiting examples of morphology changes for a filament of the present invention include dissolution, melting, swelling, shrinkage, breaking into pieces, bursting, stretching, shortening, and combinations thereof. The filaments of the present invention may completely or substantially lose their physical filament structure or they may have their morphology altered or they may retain or substantially retain their physical filament structure as they are exposed to conditions of intended use.
[087] "By weight, based on dry filament" means the weight of the filament measured immediately after the filament has been conditioned in a conditioned room at a temperature of about 23°C ± 2°C (73°F ± 4 °F) and a relative humidity of 50% ± 10% for 2 hours. In one example, "by weight, based on dry filament" means that the filament comprises less than 20% and/or less than 15% and/or less than 10% and/or less than 7% and/or less than 5 % and/or less than 3% and/or up to 0% and/or up to more than 0%, based on filament weight, of moisture, such as water, e.g. free water, as measured according to the method of test for water content described here.
[088] "Total content", for use in the present invention, for example with respect to the total content of one or more active agents present in the filament, means the sum of the weights or percentage by weight of all materials in question, for example, active agents. In other words, a filament may comprise 25% by weight of the dry filament of an anionic surfactant, 15% by weight of the dry filament of a non-ionic surfactant, 10% by weight of a chelator, and 5 % of a perfume so that the total content of active agents present in the filament is greater than 50%; specifically 55% by weight of the dry filament.
[089] "Blanket", for use in the present invention, means a collection of fibers and/or filaments formed, as a fibrous structure, and/or a sheet formed by fibers and/or filaments, as continuous filaments, of any nature or origin associated with each other. In one example, the blanket is a sheet that is formed through a spinning process, not a molding process.
[090] For use in the present invention, "non-woven blanket" for the purposes of the present invention and as defined generally by the European Disposables and Nonwovens Association (EDANA) means a sheet of fibers and /or filaments, such as continuous filaments, of any nature or origin, which have been formed into a blanket by any means, and may be joined together by any means, with the exception of weaving or knitting. Wet milled felts are not non-woven blankets. In one example, a non-woven mat according to the present invention means an orderly arrangement of filaments within a structure so as to perform a function. In one example, a nonwoven batt of the present invention is an arrangement comprising a plurality of two or more and/or three or more filaments that are interwoven or otherwise associated with each other to form a nonwoven batt. In one example, the nonwoven batt of the present invention may comprise, in addition to the filaments of the present invention, one or more solid additives, such as particulates and/or fibers.
[091] "Particulates" for use in the present invention means granular substances and/or powders.
[092] For use in the present invention, the articles "a" and "an", as in "an anionic surfactant" or "a fiber", are to be understood to mean one or more of the material being claimed or described.
[093] All percentages and ratios are calculated by weight, unless otherwise noted. All percentages and ratios are calculated based on the total composition, unless otherwise noted.
[094] Unless otherwise specified, all component or composition levels refer to the active level of the component or composition, and exclude impurities such as residual solvents or by-products that may be present in commercially available sources. Filament
[095] The filament of the present invention comprises one or more filament-forming materials. In addition to the filament-forming materials, the filament may additionally comprise one or more active agents that may be released from the filament, such as when the filament is exposed to conditions of intended use, the total content of the one or more filament-forming materials present being in the filament is less than 80% by weight of the dry filament, and the total content of one or more active agents present in the filament is greater than 20% by weight of the dry filament.
[096] In one example, the filament of the present invention comprises about 100% and/or more than 95% and/or more than 90% and/or more than 85% and/or more than 75% and/or more than 50%, by weight of the dry filament, of the one or more filament-forming materials. For example, the filament-forming material may comprise polyvinyl alcohol and/or starch.
[097] In another example, the filament of the present invention comprises one or more filament-forming materials and one or more active agents, wherein the total content of filament-forming materials present in the filament is from about 5% to less than 80 %, by weight of the dry filament, and the total content of active agents present in the filament is greater than 20% to about 95%, by weight of the dry filament.
[098] In one example, the filament of the present invention comprises at least 10% and/or at least 15% and/or at least 20% and/or less than 80% and/or less than 75% and/or less than 65% and/or less than 60% and/or less than 55% and/or less than 50% and/or less than 45% and/or less than 40%, by weight of the dry filament, of the filament-forming materials, and more than 20% and/or at least 35% and/or at least 40% and/or at least 45% and/or at least 50% and/or at least 60% and/or less than 95% and/or less than 90% and/or less than 85% and/or less than 80% and/or less than 75%, by weight of the dry filament, of active agents.
[099] In one example, the filament of the present invention comprises at least 5% and/or at least 10% and/or at least 15% and/or at least 20% and/or less than 50% and/or less than 45% and/or less than 40% and/or less than 35% and/or less than 30% and/or less than 25%, by weight of dry filament, filament-forming materials and more than 50% and/or at least 55% and/or at least 60% and/or at least 65% and/or at least 70% and/or less than 95% and/or less than 90% and/or less than 85% and/or less of 80% and/or less than 75%, by weight of the dry filament, of active agents. In one example, the filament of the present invention comprises more than 80%, by weight of the dry filament, of active agents.
[0100] In another example, the one or more filament-forming materials and active agents are present in the filament in a ratio between the weight of the total content of filament-forming materials and the weight of active agents of 4.0 or less and/or or 3.5 or less and/or 3.0 or less and/or 2.5 or less and/or 2.0 or less and/or 1.85 or less and/or less than 1.7 and/or less of 1.6 and/or less than 1.5 and/or less than 1.3 and/or less than 1.2 and/or less than 1 and/or less than 0.7 and/or less than 0.5 and/or less than 0.4 and/or less than 0.3 and/or more than 0.1 and/or more than 0.15 and/or more than 0.2.
[0101] In yet another example, the filament of the present invention comprises from about 10% and/or from about 15% to less than 80%, by weight of the dry filament, of a filament-forming material such as polyvinyl alcohol and/or a polymer of starch, and greater than 20% to about 90% and/or to about 85%, by weight of the dry filament, of an active agent. The filament may additionally comprise a plasticizer such as glycerin and/or pH adjusting agents such as citric acid.
[0102] In yet another example, the filament of the present invention comprises from about 10% and/or from about 15% to less than 80%, by weight of the dry filament, of a filament-forming material such as alcohol polymer. polyvinyl and/or a polymer of starch, and greater than 20% to about 90% and/or to about 85%, by weight of the dry filament, of an active agent, with the weight ratio of the bond-forming material filament and the active agent weight is 4.0 or less. The filament may additionally comprise a plasticizer, such as glycerin, and/or pH-adjusting agents, such as citric acid.
[0103] In yet another example of the present invention, a filament comprises one or more filament-forming materials and one or more active agents selected from the group consisting of: surfactants, perfumes, enzymes, bleaching agents, builders, chelators, it - sensory substances, dispersants, and mixtures thereof that may and/or are released when the filament is exposed to the conditions of intended use. In one example, the filament comprises a total content of filament-forming materials less than 95% and/or less than 90% and/or less than 80% and/or less than 50% and/or less than 35% and/or at about 5% and/or at about 10% and/or at about 20%, by weight of the dry filament, and a total content of active agents selected from the group consisting of: enzymes, bleaching agents, builders, chelators , and mixtures thereof, of more than 5% and/or more than 10% and/or more than 20% and/or more than 35% and/or more than 50% and/or more than 65% and/or the about 95% and/or about 90% and/or about 80%, by weight of the dry filament. In one example, the active agent comprises one or more enzymes. In another example, the active agent comprises one or more bleaching agents. In yet another example, the active agent comprises one or more builders. In yet another example, the active agent comprises one or more chelators.
[0104] In yet another example of the present invention, the filaments of the present invention may comprise active agents that may create health and/or safety concerns if they are airborne. For example, the filament can be used to inhibit enzymes within the filament from being transported through the air.
[0105] In one example, the filaments of the present invention may be meltblown filaments. In another example, the filaments of the present invention may be continuously spinning filaments. In another example, the filaments may be hollow filaments before and/or after the release of one or more of their active agents.
[0106] The filaments of the present invention may be hydrophilic or hydrophobic. The filaments can be surface treated and/or internally treated to change the inherent hydrophilic or hydrophobic properties of the filament.
[0107] In one example, the filament has a diameter smaller than 100 μm and/or smaller than 75 μm and/or smaller than 50 μm and/or smaller than 25 μm and/or smaller than 10 μm and/or smaller than 5 μm and/or less than 1 μm as measured in accordance with the Diameter Test Method described herein. In another example, the filament of the present invention has a diameter greater than 1 µm as measured in accordance with the Diameter Test Method described herein. The diameter of a filament of the present invention can be used to control the rate of release of one or more active agents present in the filament and/or the rate of loss and/or change in the physical structure of the filament.
[0108] The filament may comprise two or more different active agents. In one example, the filament comprises two or more different active agents, the two or more different active agents being compatible with each other. In another example, the filament comprises two or more different active agents, the two or more different active agents being incompatible with each other.
[0109] In one example, the filament may comprise an active agent within the filament and an active agent on an outer surface of the filament, such as coating on the filament. The active agent on the outer surface of the filament may be the same as or different from the active agent present on the filament. If different, the active agents may be compatible or incompatible with each other.
[0110] In one example, one or more active agents may be evenly distributed or substantially evenly distributed throughout the filament. In another example, one or more active agents may be distributed as distinct regions within the filament. In yet another example, at least one active agent is distributed uniformly, or substantially uniformly, throughout the filament and at least one other active agent is distributed as one or more distinct regions within the filament. In yet another example, at least one active agent is delivered as one or more distinct regions within the filament and at least one other active agent is delivered as one or more distinct regions other than the first distinct region within the filament.
[0111] The filaments can be used as separate items. In one example, the filaments may be applied and/or deposited on a carrier substrate, e.g., a cleaning cloth, paper towel, bath towel, tissue paper, sanitary napkin, compress, diaper, adult incontinence article , bath loofah, drying sheet, laundry sheet, laundry bar, dry cleaning sheet, net, filter paper, fabrics, cloths, underwear, and the like.
[0112] In addition, a plurality of the filaments of the present invention can be collected and pressed into a film, thus resulting in the film comprising the one or more filament-forming materials and the one or more active agents that can be released from the film. , such as when the film is exposed to the conditions of intended use.
[0113] In one example, a film of the present invention has an average disintegration time per g of sample less than 120 and/or less than 100 and/or less than 80 and/or less than 55 and/or less than 50 and /or less than 40 and/or less than 30 and/or less than 20 seconds/gram (s/g), as measured in accordance with the Dissolution Test Method described herein.
[0114] In another example, a film of the present invention has an average dissolution time per g of sample less than 950 and/or less than 900 and/or less than 800 and/or less than 700 and/or less than 600 and /or less than 550 seconds/gram (s/g), as measured in accordance with the Dissolution Test Method described herein.
[0115] In one example, a film of the present invention has a thickness greater than 0.01 mm and/or greater than 0.05 mm and/or greater than 0.1 mm and/or at about 20 mm and/or at about 10 mm and/or at about 5 mm and/or at about 2 mm and/or at about 0.5 mm and/or at about 0.3 mm as measured by the Thickness Test Method described here. Filament forming material
[0116] The filament forming material is any suitable material, such as a polymer or monomers capable of producing a polymer that exhibits properties suitable for making a filament, such as by a spinning process.
[0117] In one example, the filament-forming material may comprise a polar solvent-soluble material, such as an alcohol-soluble material and/or a water-soluble material.
[0118] In another example, the filament-forming material may comprise a non-polar solvent-soluble material.
[0119] In yet another example, the filament-forming material may comprise a material soluble in polar solvent and may be free (less than 5% and/or less than 3% and/or less than 1% and/or 0% , by weight of dry filament) of non-polar solvent soluble materials.
[0120] In yet another example, the filament-forming material may be film-forming material. In yet another example, the filament-forming material may be of synthetic or natural origin and may be chemically, enzymatically, and/or physically modified.
[0121] In yet another example of the present invention, the filament forming material may comprise a polymer selected from the group consisting of: polymers derived from acrylic monomers such as ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic monomers and ethylenically unsaturated monomers, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylates, polyethacrylates, copolymers of acrylic acid and methyl acrylate, polyvinyl pyrrolidones, polyalkylene oxides, starch and starch derivatives, pullulan, gelatin, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, and carboxy methyl cellulose.
[0122] In yet another example, the filament-forming material may comprise a polymer selected from the group consisting of: polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol derivatives, starch, starch derivatives, cellulose derivatives, hemicellulose, hemicellulose derivatives , proteins, sodium alginate, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, chitosan, chitosan derivatives, polyethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol ether, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, hydroxy methyl cellulose, hydroxy ethyl cellulose, and mixtures thereof.
[0123] In another example, the filament forming material comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of: pullulan, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxy ethyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, carboxy methyl cellulose, sodium alginate, xanthan gum , gum tragacanth, guar gum, acacia gum, gum arabic, polyacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate copolymer, carboxy vinyl polymer, dextrin, pectin, chitin, levan, elsinan, collagen, gelatin, zein, gluten, soy protein, casein , polyvinyl alcohol, starch, starch derivatives, hemicellulose, hemicellulose derivatives, proteins, chitosan, chitosan derivatives, polyethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol ether, hydroxy methyl cellulose, and mixtures thereof. Polar solvent soluble materials
[0124] Some non-limiting examples of polar solvent soluble materials include polar solvent soluble polymers. Polar solvent-soluble polymers can be of synthetic or natural origin and can be chemically and/or physically modified. In one example, the polar solvent-soluble polymers have a weight average molecular weight of at least 10,000 g/mol and/or at least 20,000 g/mol and/or at least 40,000 g/mol and/or at least 80,000 g/mol and/or at least 100,000 g/mol and/or at least 1,000,000 g/mol and/or at least 3,000,000 g/mol and/or at least 10,000,000 g/mol and/or at least 20,000,000 g/mol and/or at about 40,000,000 g/mol and/or at about 30,000,000 g/mol.
[0125] In one example, polar solvent soluble polymers are selected from the group consisting of: alcohol soluble polymers, water soluble polymers and mixtures thereof. Some non-limiting examples of water-soluble polymers include water-soluble hydroxyl polymers, water-soluble thermoplastic polymers, water-soluble biodegradable polymers, water-soluble non-biodegradable polymers, and mixtures thereof. In one example, the water-soluble polymer comprises polyvinyl alcohol. In another example, the water-soluble polymer comprises starch. In yet another example, the water-soluble polymer comprises polyvinyl alcohol and starch.a. Water-soluble hydroxyl polymers - Some non-limiting examples of water-soluble hydroxyl polymers according to the present invention include polyols such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol derivatives, polyvinyl alcohol copolymers, starch, starch derivatives, starch copolymers, chitosan, chitosan derivatives, chitosan copolymers, cellulose derivatives such as ether and cellulose ester derivatives, cellulose copolymers, hemicellulose, hemicellulose derivatives, hemicellulose copolymers, gums, arabinans, galactans, proteins and various other polysaccharides and mixtures thereof.
[0126] In one example, a water-soluble hydroxyl polymer of the present invention comprises a polysaccharide.
[0127] The term "polysaccharides", for use in the present invention, means natural polysaccharides and polysaccharide derivatives, and/or modified polysaccharides. Suitable water-soluble polysaccharides include, but are not limited to, starches, starch derivatives, chitosan, chitosan derivatives, cellulose derivatives, hemicellulose, hemicellulose derivatives, gums, arabinans, galactans and mixtures thereof. The water-soluble polysaccharide may have a weight average molecular weight of from about 10,000 to about 40,000,000 g/mol and/or greater than 100,000 g/mol and/or greater than 1,000,000 g/mol and/or greater than 3,000,000 g/mol and/or greater than 3,000,000 to about 40,000,000 g/mol.
[0128] Water-soluble polysaccharides may comprise non-cellulose water-soluble polysaccharides and/or non-cellulose derivative and/or non-cellulose copolymer. Such non-cellulose water-soluble polysaccharides may be selected from the group consisting of: starches, starch derivatives, chitosan, chitosan derivatives, hemicellulose, hemicellulose derivatives, gums, arabines, galactans and mixtures thereof.
[0129] In another example, a water-soluble hydroxyl polymer of the present invention comprises a non-thermoplastic polymer.
[0130] The water-soluble hydroxyl polymer may have a weight average molecular weight of from about 10,000 g/mol to about 40,000,000 g/mol and/or greater than 100,000 g/mol and/or greater than 1,000,000 g/mol and/or greater than 3,000,000 g/mol and/or greater than 3,000,000 g/mol to about 40,000,000 g/mol. Water-soluble hydroxyl polymers of higher and lower molecular weight can be used in combination with hydroxyl polymers that have a certain desired weight average molecular weight.
[0131] Well-known modifications of water-soluble hydroxyl polymers, such as natural starches, include chemical modifications and/or enzymatic modifications. For example, a natural starch can be acid diluted, ethylated hydroxy, propylated hydroxy and/or oxidized. In addition, the water-soluble hydroxyl polymer may comprise cornstarch.
[0132] Naturally occurring starch is generally a mixture of linear amylose and amylopectin polymer branched from D-glucose units. Amylose is a substantially linear polymer of D-glucose units joined by (1,4)-α-D bonds. Amylopectin is a highly branched polymer of D-glucose units joined by (1,4)-α-D bonds and (1,6)-α-D bonds at branch points. Naturally occurring starch typically contains relatively high levels of amylopectin, e.g. corn starch (64 to 80% amylopectin), waxy corn (93 to 100% amylopectin), rice (83 to 84% amylopectin). amylopectin), potato (about 78% amylopectin), and wheat (73 to 83% amylopectin). While all starches are potentially usable, the present invention is most commonly practiced with high amylopectin natural starches derived from agricultural sources, which offer the advantages of being plentiful, easily renewable and of low cost.
[0133] For use in the present invention, "starch" includes any naturally occurring unmodified starches, modified starches, synthetic starches and mixtures thereof, as well as mixtures of the amylose or amylopectin fractions; the starch can be modified by physical, chemical, or biological processes, or combinations thereof. The choice of unmodified or modified starch for the present invention may depend on the desired end product. In one embodiment of the present invention, the starch or mixture of starches useful in the present invention has an amylopectin content of from about 20% to about 100%, more typically from about 40% to about 90%, even more typically , from about 60% to about 85% by weight of the starch or mixtures thereof.
[0134] Suitable naturally occurring starches may include, but are not limited to, corn starch, potato starch, sweet potato starch, wheat starch, starch starch, tapioca starch, rice starch, bean starch Soybean, Arrowroot Starch, Amioca Starch, Fern Starch, Lotus Starch, Waxy Corn Starch, and High Amylose Corn Starch. Naturally occurring starches, particularly corn starch and wheat starch, are the preferred starch polymers because of their low cost and availability.
[0135] The polyvinyl alcohols of the present invention can be grafted with other monomers to modify their properties. A wide range of monomers have been successfully grafted onto polyvinyl alcohol. Some non-limiting examples of such monomers include vinyl acetate, styrene, acrylamide, acrylic acid, 2-hydroxy ethyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, vinyl sodium sulfonate, sodium allyl sulfonate, sodium methylallyl sulfonate, sodium phenyl allyl ether sulfonate, sodium phenyl methallyl ether sulfonate, 2-acrylamido-methyl propane sulfonic acid (AMPs), vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride, vinyl lamina and a variety of acrylate esters.
[0136] In one example, the water-soluble hydroxyl polymer is selected from the group consisting of: polyvinyl alcohols, hydroxy-methyl celluloses, hydroxy-ethyl celluloses, hydroxy-propyl-methyl celluloses and mixtures thereof. A non-limiting example of a suitable polyvinyl alcohol includes those commercially available from Sekisui Specialty Chemicals America, LLC (Dallas, TX, USA) under the tradename CELVOL®. A non-limiting example of a suitable hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose includes those commercially available from the Dow Chemical Company (Midland, MI, USA) under the tradename METHOCEL®, including combinations with the hydroxypropyl methyl celluloses mentioned above. B. Water-soluble thermoplastic polymers - Some non-limiting examples of suitable water-soluble thermoplastic polymers include starch and/or starch derivatives, polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoate, polycaprolactone, polyester amides and certain thermoplastic polyesters, and mixtures thereof.
[0137] The water-soluble thermoplastic polymers of the present invention can be hydrophilic or hydrophobic. Water-soluble thermoplastic polymers can be surface treated and/or internally treated to change the inherent hydrophilic or hydrophobic properties of the thermoplastic polymer.
[0138] Water-soluble thermoplastic polymers may comprise biodegradable polymers.
[0139] Any weight average molecular weight suitable for thermoplastic polymers can be used. For example, the weight average molecular weight for a thermoplastic polymer according to the present invention is greater than about 10,000 g/mol and/or greater than about 40,000 g/mol and/or greater than about 50,000 g/mol and /or less than about 500,000 g/mol and/or less than about 400,000 g/mol and/or less than about 200,000 g/mol.Non-polar solvent soluble materials
[0140] Some non-limiting examples of non-polar solvent soluble materials include non-polar solvent soluble polymers. Some non-limiting examples of suitable non-polar solvent soluble materials include cellulose, chitin, chitin derivatives, polyolefins, polyesters, copolymers thereof, and mixtures thereof. Some non-limiting examples of polyolefins include polypropylene, polyethylene and mixtures thereof. A non-limiting example of a polyester includes polyethylene terephthalate.
[0141] Non-polar solvent soluble materials may comprise a non-biodegradable polymer such as polypropylene, polyethylene and certain polyesters.
[0142] Any weight average molecular weight suitable for thermoplastic polymers can be used. For example, the weight average molecular weight for a thermoplastic polymer according to the present invention is greater than about 10,000 g/mol and/or greater than about 40,000 g/mol and/or greater than about 50,000 g/mol and /or less than about 500,000 g/mol and/or less than about 400,000 g/mol and/or less than about 200,000 g/mol. active agents
[0143] Active agents are a class of additives designed and intended to provide a benefit to something other than the filament itself, such as providing a benefit to an environment external to the filament. The active agents can be any suitable additive that produces an intended effect under the conditions of intended use of the filament. For example, the active agent may be selected from the group consisting of: personal cleansing agents and/or conditioners such as hair care agents such as shampoo and/or hair dye agents, hair conditioning agents, hair care agents, skin care, sunscreens, and skin conditioning agents; clothing care and/or conditioning agents such as fabric care agents, fabric conditioning agents, fabric softening agents, fabric anti-crease agents, fabric care anti-static agents, stain removal agents for fabric treatment, soil release agents, dispersing agents, foam suppressing agents, foam reinforcing agents, anti-foaming agents, and fabric renewing agents; agents for treating and/or conditioning hard surfaces such as liquid and/or powder dishwashing agents (for hand and/or automatic dishwasher applications), and polishing agents; other cleaning and/or conditioning agents such as antimicrobial agents, perfume, bleaching agents (such as oxygen-based bleaching agents, hydrogen peroxide, percarbonate-based bleaching agents, perborate-based bleaching agents, perborate-based bleaching agents, chlorine), bleach activating agents, chelating agents, builders, lotions, bleaching agents, air care agents, carpet care agents, dye transfer inhibiting agents, water softening agents, water hardening agents, pH adjusting agents, enzymes, flocculating agents, effervescent agents, preservatives, cosmetic agents, makeup removal agents, foaming agents, deposition aiding agents, coacervate forming agents, clays, thickening agents, latexes, silicas, drying agents, odor-controlling agents, antiperspirant agents, cooling agents, heating agents, absorbent gels, anti-inflammatory agents, dyes, pigments, acids, and bases; active agents for treating liquids; agricultural active agents; industrial active agents; active agents that can be ingested as medicinal agents, teeth whitening agents, tooth treatment agents, mouthwash agents, periodontal gum care agents, edible agents, dietary agents, vitamins, minerals; water treatment agents, such as water clarifying agents and/or water disinfectants, and mixtures thereof.
[0144] Some non-limiting examples of suitable cosmetic agents, skin care agents, skin conditioning agents, hair care agents, and hair conditioning agents are described in CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, Second Edition, The Cosmetic, Toiletries, and Fragrance Association, Inc. 1988, 1992.
[0145] One or more chemical classes may be useful for one or more of the active agents mentioned above. For example, surfactants can be used for any amount of the active agents described above. Similarly, bleaching agents can be used for treating fabrics, cleaning hard surfaces, washing dishes, and even whitening teeth. Therefore, one skilled in the art will appreciate that active agents will be selected based on the desired intended use of the filament and/or nonwoven produced therefrom.
[0146] For example, if the filament of the present invention and/or non-woven produced therefrom is used for hair treatment and/or conditioning, then one or more suitable surfactants such as a foaming surfactant could be used. selected to provide the desired benefit to a consumer when exposed to the conditions of intended use of the filament and/or nonwoven incorporating the filament.
[0147] In one example, if the filament of the present invention and/or non-woven produced therefrom is designed or intended to be used to wash clothes in a laundry operation, then one or more suitable surfactants and/or enzymes and/or builders and/or perfumes and/or suds suppressants and/or bleaching agents could be selected to provide the desired benefit to a consumer when exposed to the conditions of intended use of the filament and/or nonwoven incorporating the filament. In another example, if the filament of the present invention and/or non-woven produced therefrom is designed to be used for washing clothes in a laundry operation and/or washing dishes in a dishwashing operation, then the filament may comprise a laundry detergent composition or a dishwashing detergent composition.
[0148] In one example, the active agent comprises a non-perfume active agent. In another example, the active agent comprises a non-surfactant active agent. In yet another example, the active agent comprises an active agent that cannot be ingested, in other words, an active agent other than an active agent that can be ingested. surfactants
[0149] Some non-limiting examples of suitable surfactants include anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, non-ionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric surfactants, and mixtures thereof. Co-surfactants may also be included in the filaments. For filaments intended for use as laundry detergents and/or dishwashing detergents, the total surfactant content should be sufficient to provide cleanliness, including stain and/or odor removal, and is generally in the range of about 0. 5% to about 95%. Additionally, surfactant systems comprising two or more surfactants that are intended for use in filaments for laundry detergents and/or dishwashing detergents may include fully anionic surfactant systems, mixed-type surfactant systems containing mixtures of surfactants anionic and non-ionic, or mixtures of non-ionic-cationic surfactants.
[0150] The surfactants of the present invention can be linear or branched. In one example, suitable linear surfactants include those derived from agrochemical oils such as coconut oil, palm kernel oil, soybean oil, or other vegetable-based oils. anionic surfactants
[0151] Some non-limiting examples of suitable anionic surfactants include alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, branched alkyl sulfates, branched alkyl alkoxylates, branched alkyl alkoxylate sulfates, branched-medium-chain alkyl aryl sulfonates, monoglycerides sulfates, sulfonated olefins, alkyl aryl sulfonates, primary or secondary alkane sulfonates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, acyl taurates, acyl isethionates, alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonate, sulfonated methyl esters, sulfonated fatty acids, alkyl phosphates, glutamates of acyl, acyl sarcosinates, alkyl sulfoacetates, acylated peptides, alkyl ether carboxylates, acyl lactylates, anionic fluorosurfactants, sodium lauroyl glutamate, and combinations thereof.
[0152] Alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates suitable for use in the present invention include materials of the respective formula RO-SO3M and RO(C2H4O)xSO3M, wherein R is alkyl or alkenyl of about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms. , x is 1 to 10, and M is a water-soluble cation like ammonium, sodium, potassium, and triethanol amine. Other suitable anionic surfactants are described in McCutcheon's "Detergents and Emulsifiers", North American Edition (1986), Allured Publishing Corp. and McCutcheon's "Functional Materials", North American Edition (1992), Allured Publishing Corp.
[0153] In one example, anionic surfactants useful in the filaments of the present invention include C9-C15 alkyl benzene sulfonates (LAS), C8-C20 alkyl ether sulfates, e.g. poly(ethoxy)alkyl sulfates, C8-C20 sulfates alkyl, and mixtures thereof. Other anionic surfactants include methyl ester sulfonates (MES), secondary alkane sulfonates, methyl ester ethoxylates (MEE), sulfonated stolides, and mixtures thereof.
[0154] In another example, the anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of: C11-C18 alkyl benzene sulfonates ("LAS") and primary, branched-chain and random C10-C20 alkyl sulfates ("AS") sulfates secondary C10-C18 alkyl (2,3) with the formula CH3(CH2)x(CHOSO3-M+) CH3 and CH3 (CH2)y(CHOSO3-M+) CH2CH3 where x and (y + 1) are integers equal to o minus about 7, preferably at least about 9, and M is a cation solubilizing in water, especially sodium, unsaturated sulfates such as oleyl sulfate, the C10-C18 alpha-sulfonated fatty acid esters, the C10 polyglycosides -C18 sulfated alkyl, the C10-C18 alkylalkoxy sulfates ("AExS") where x is from 1 to 30, and C10-C18 alkylalkoxy carboxylates, for example, comprising 1 to 5 ethoxy units, chain alkyl sulfates branched middle, as discussed in US 6,020,303 and US 6,060,443; branched-medium chain alkylalkoxy sulfates, as discussed in US 6,008,181 and US 6,020,303; modified alkylbenzene sulfonate (MLAS), as discussed in WO 99/05243, WO 99/05242 and WO 99/05244; methyl ester sulfonate (MES); and alpha-olefin sulfonate (AOS).
[0155] Other suitable anionic surfactants that may be used are alkyl ester sulfonate surfactants, including linear sulfonated esters of C8-C20 carboxylic acids (ie fatty acids). Other suitable anionic surfactants that can be used include soap salts, primary C8-C22 secondary alkanesulfonates, C8-C24 olefinsulfonates, sulfonated polycarboxylic acids, C8-C24 alkylpolyglycol ether sulfates (containing up to 10 moles of ethylene oxide); alkyl glycerol sulfonates, fatty acyl glycerol sulfonates, fatty oleoyl glycerol sulphates, alkyl phenol ethylene oxide ether sulphates, paraffin sulfonates, alkyl phosphates, isethionates such as acyl isethionates, taurates of N-acyl, alkyl succinamates and sulfosuccinates, monoesters of sulfosuccinates (e.g. C12-C18 saturated and unsaturated monoesters) and diesters of sulfosuccinates (e.g. C6-C12 saturated and unsaturated diesters), alkyl polysaccharide sulfates , such as the alkyl polyglycoside sulfates, and alkyl polyethoxy carboxylates such as those of the formula RO(CH2CH2O)k-CH2COO-M+ where R is a C8-C22 alkyl, k is an integer from 0 to 10, and M is a soluble salt-forming cation.
[0156] Other exemplifying anionic surfactants are the alkali metal salts of C10-C16 alkyl benzene sulfonic acids, preferably C11-C 14 alkyl benzene sulfonic acids. In one example, the alkyl group is linear. These linear alkyl benzene sulfonates are known as "LAS". Such surfactants and their preparation are described, for example, in U.S. Patent Nos. 2,220,099 and 2,477,383. In another example, linear alkyl benzene sulfonates include straight-chain sodium and/or potassium straight-chain alkylbenzene sulfonates in which the average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is about 11 to 14. Sodium LAS, eg C12 LAS, is a specific example of such surfactants.
[0157] Another exemplifying type of anionic surfactant comprises surfactants based on linear or branched ethoxylated alkyl sulfate. These materials, also known as alkyl ether sulfates or alkyl polyethoxylate sulfates, are those corresponding to the formula: R'-O-(C2H4O)n-SO3M, where R' is a C8-C20 alkyl group, n is about from 1 to 20, and M is a salt-forming cation. In a specific embodiment, R' is C10-C18 alkyl, n is about 1 to 15, and M is sodium, potassium, ammonium, alkyl ammonium, or alkanol ammonium. In more specific embodiments, R' is C12-C16, n is about 1 to 6, and M is sodium. Alkyl ether sulfates will generally be used in the form of mixtures comprising various R' chain lengths and varying degrees of ethoxylation. Often such mixtures will inevitably contain some non-ethoxylated alkyl sulfate materials, i.e., surfactants of the above ethoxylated alkyl sulfate formula, where n=0. Non-ethoxylated alkyl sulfates can also be added separately to the compositions of this invention, and used with, or in, any anionic surfactant component that may be present. Specific examples of preferred non-alkoxylated, eg non-ethoxylated, alkyl ether sulfate-based surfactants are those produced by the sulfation of higher C8-C20 fatty alcohols. Conventional primary alkyl sulfate-based surfactants have the following general formula: R”OSO3-M+ where R” is typically a C8-C20 alkyl group, which may be straight-chain or branched, and M is a cation of solubilization in water. In specific embodiments, R" is a C10-C15 alkyl group, and M is alkali metal, more specifically, R" is C12-C14 alkyl and M is sodium. Some specific non-limiting examples of anionic surfactants useful in the present invention include: a) C11-C18 alkyl benzene sulfonates (LAS); b) primary, branched and random C10-C20 alkyl (AS) sulfates; c) secondary C10-C18 alkyl sulfates (2,3) with the following formulas:
where M is hydrogen or a cation providing charge neutrality, and all units of M associated with a surfactant or auxiliary ingredient may be a hydrogen atom or a cation depending on the form isolated by the element versed in the invention. technique or the relative pH of the system in which the compound is used, with non-limiting examples of suitable cations including sodium, potassium, ammonium, and mixtures thereof, e.g. an integer equal to at least 7 and/or at least about of 9, and y is an integer equal to at least 8 and/or at least 9; d) C10-C18 alkylalkoxy sulfates (AEzS) wherein z, for example, is from 1 to 30; e) C10-C18 alkylalkoxy carboxylates preferably comprising 1 to 5 ethoxy units; f) medium chain branched alkyl sulfates, as discussed in US Patent Nos. 6,020,303 and 6,060,443; g) medium-branched alkyl alkoxy sulfates, as discussed in US Patent Nos. 6,008,181 and 6,020,303; h) modified alkylbenzene sulfonate (MLAS) as discussed in WO 99/05243, WO 99/05242, WO 99/05244, WO 99/05082, WO 99/05084, WO 99/05241, WO 99/07656, WO 00 /23549, and WO 00/23548;i) methyl ester sulfonate (MES); and j) alpha-olefin sulfonate (AOS).b. cationic surfactants
[0158] Some non-limiting examples of suitable cationic surfactants include, but are not limited to, those having formula (I):
wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are each independently selected from (a) an aliphatic group of 1 to 26 carbon atoms, or (b) an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl or alkyl aryl having up to 22 carbon atoms; and X is a salt-forming anion, such as those selected from halogen (eg, chloride, bromide radicals), acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfate, and alkyl sulfate. In one example, the alkyl sulfate moiety is methosulfate and/or ethosulfate.
[0159] Suitable quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants of general formula (I) may include cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, behenyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (BTAC), stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, octyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, decyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, didodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride , tallow trimethyl ammonium chloride, coconut trimethyl ammonium chloride, 2-ethyl hexyl stearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dipalmitoyl ethyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, PEG-2 oleylammonium chloride and salts thereof, where the chloride is replaced by halogen, ( for example bromide), acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, nitrate phosphate, sulfate, or alkyl sulfate.
[0160] Some non-limiting examples of suitable cationic surfactants are commercially available under the tradenames ARQUAD® available from Akzo Nobel Surfactants (Chicago, IL, USA).
[0161] In one example, suitable cationic surfactants include quaternary ammonium surfactants, for example having up to 26 carbon atoms include: quaternary ammonium alkoxylate (AQA) surfactants as discussed in US 6,136,769; dimethyl hydroxy ethyl quaternary ammonium, as discussed in 6,004,922; dimethyl hydroxy ethyl lauryl ammonium chloride; cationic polyamine surfactants as discussed in WO 98/35002, WO 98/35003, WO 98/35004, WO 98/35005 and WO 98/35006; cationic ester surfactants, as discussed in US Patent Nos. 4,228,042, 4,239,660, 4,260,529 and US 6,022,844; and amine surfactants, as discussed in US 6,221,825 and WO 00/47708, for example dimethyl amido propylamine (APA).
[0162] Other suitable cationic surfactants include salts of primary, secondary and tertiary fatty amines. In one embodiment, the alkyl groups of such amines have from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and may be substituted or unsubstituted. These amines are typically used in combination with an acid to obtain the cationic species.
[0163] Cationic surfactant may include cationic ester surfactants that have the formula:
wherein R1 is a straight or branched C5-C31 alkyl, alkenyl or alkaryl chain or M-.N+(R6R7R8)(CH2)s; X and Y are independently selected from the group consisting of COO, OCO, O, CO, OCOO, CONH, NHCO, OCONH and NHCOO with at least one of X or Y being a COO, OCO, OCOO, OCONH group. or NHCOO; R2 , R3 , R4 , R6 , R7 and R8 are independently selected from the group formed by alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxy alkyl, hydroxy alkenyl and alkaryl groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and R5 is independently H or a C1-C3 alkyl group; where the values of m, n, set are independently in the range 0 to 8, the value of b is in the range 0 to 20, and the values of a, u and v are independently 0 or 1 with the condition that at least one of u or v must be 1; and where M is a counter-anion. In one example, R2, R3 and R4 are independently selected from CH3 and -CH2CH2OH. In another example, M is selected from the group consisting of halide, methyl sulfate, sulfate, nitrate, chloride, bromide, or iodide.
[0164] The cationic surfactants of the present invention may be chosen for use in personal cleaning applications. In one example, such cationic surfactants may be included in the filament and/or fiber at a total content by weight of from about 0.1% to about 10% and/or from about 0.5% to about 8 % and/or from about 1% to about 5% and/or from about 1.4% to about 4%, in view of the balance between the rinse-off feel, rheology and conditioning benefits to wet. A variety of cationic surfactants including mono- and dialkyl chain cationic surfactants can be used in the compositions of the present invention. In one example, cationic surfactants include monoalkyl chain cationic surfactants with a view to achieving the desired gel matrix and wet conditioning benefits. Monoalkyl-based cationic surfactants are those having a long alkyl chain having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms and/or from 16 to 22 carbon atoms and/or from 18 to 22 carbon atoms in their alkyl group, having in view of achieving balanced wet conditioning benefits. The remaining nitrogen-bonded groups are independently selected from an alkyl group having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy, polyoxy alkylene, alkylamido, hydroxy alkyl, aryl or alkyl aryl group having up to about 4 carbon atoms. Such monoalkylated cationic surfactants include, for example, monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salts and monoalkyl amines. Monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salts include, for example, those having an unfunctionalized long alkyl chain. Monoalkyl amines include, for example, monoalkyl amidoamines and their salts. Other cationic surfactants such as dialkyl chain cationic surfactants can also be used alone or in combination with monoalkyl chain cationic surfactants. Such dialkyl chain cationic surfactants include, for example, dialkyl (14-18) dimethyl ammonium chloride, diethyl dimethyl ammonium chloride dihydrogenated tallow, alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride dihydrogenated tallow, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and dimethyl ammonium chloride. dicetyl dimethyl ammonium.
[0165] In one example, the cationic ester surfactants are hydrolysable under the conditions of a laundry wash.c. non-ionic surfactants
[0166] Some non-limiting examples of suitable non-ionic surfactants include alkoxylated alcohols (AE's) and alkyl phenols, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides (PFAA's), alkyl polyglycosides (APG's), C10-C18 glycerol ethers, and the like.
[0167] In one example, non-limiting examples of non-ionic surfactants useful in the present invention include: C12-C18 alkyl ethoxylates, such as NEODOL® non-ionic surfactants, available from Shell; C6 -C12 alkyl phenol alkoxylates, wherein the alkoxylate units are a mixture of oxyethylene and oxypropylene units; condensates of C12-C18 alcohol and C6-C12 alkyl phenol with ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block alkyl polyamine ethoxylates such as PLURONIC®, available from BASF; C14-C22 medium chain branched alcohols, BA, as discussed in US 6,150,322; C14-C22 medium chain branched alkyl alkoxylates, BAEx, where x is from 1 to 30, as discussed in US 6,153,577, US 6,020,303 and US 6,093,856; alkyl polysaccharides, as discussed in U.S. 4,565,647 issued to Llenado on January 26, 1986; specifically, alkyl polyglycosides, as discussed in US 4,483,780 and US 4,483,779; detergent acid polyhydroxy amides, as discussed in US 5,332,528; and ether-terminated poly(oxyalkylated) alcohol surfactants, as discussed in US 6,482,994 and WO 01/42408.
[0168] Examples of commercially available nonionic surfactants suitable for the present invention include: Tergitol® 15-S-9 (the condensation product of linear C11-C15 alcohol with 9 moles of ethylene oxide) and Tergitol® 24-L -6 NMW (the condensation product of C12-C14 primary alcohol with 6 moles of ethylene oxide with a narrow molecular weight distribution), both available from the Dow Chemical Company; Neodol® 45-9 (the condensation product of C14-C15 linear alcohol with 9 mol of ethylene oxide), Neodol® 23-3 (the condensation product of C12-C13 linear alcohol with 3 mol of ethylene oxide), Neodol® 45-7 (the condensation product of C14-C15 linear alcohol with 7 mol of ethylene oxide) and Neodol® 45-5 (the condensation product of C14-C15 linear alcohol with 5 mol of ethylene oxide) commercialized by Shell Chemical Company; Kyro® EOB (the condensation product of C13-C15 alcohol with 9 moles of ethylene oxide), marketed by The Procter & Gamble Company; and Genapol LA O3O or O5O (the condensation product of C12-C14 alcohol with 3 or 5 mol of ethylene oxide) sold by Hoechst. Non-ionic surfactants can have an HLB range of about 8 to about 17 and/or from about 8 to about 14. Condensates with propylene oxide and/or butylene oxides can also be used.
[0169] Some non-limiting examples of semipolar non-ionic surfactants useful in the present invention include: water-soluble amine oxides containing an alkyl moiety of about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms and two moieties selected from the group consisting of moieties alkyl, and hydroxy alkyl moieties containing from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms; water-soluble phosphine oxides containing an alkyl moiety of from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms and two moieties selected from the group consisting of alkyl moieties, and alkyl hydroxy moieties containing from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms; water-soluble sulfoxides containing an alkyl portion of from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms and a portion selected from the group consisting of alkyl portions, and alkyl hydroxy portions of about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms; See WO 01/32816, US 4,681,704 and US 4,133,779.
[0170] Another class of non-ionic surfactants that can be used in the present invention includes polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactants with the following formula:
wherein R1 is H, or C1-4 hydrocarbyl, 2-hydroxy ethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl or a mixture thereof, R2 is C5-31 hydrocarbyl, and Z is a polyhydroxy hydrocarbyl having a linear hydrocarbyl chain of at least least 3 hydroxyl groups directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative thereof. In one example, R1 is methyl, R2 is a linear C11-15 alkyl or a C15-17 chain alkyl or alkenyl, such as coconut alkyl or mixtures thereof, and Z is derived from a reducing sugar such as glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose , in a reductive amination reaction. Typical examples include the C12-C18 and C12-C14 N-methylglucamides.
[0171] Alkyl polysaccharide surfactants can also be used as a non-ionic surfactant in the present invention.
[0172] Condensates of polyethylene, polypropylene, and polybutylene oxide of alkyl phenols are also suitable for use as a non-ionic surfactant in the present invention. These compounds include the condensation products of alkyl phenols that have an alkyl group containing from about 6 to about 14 carbon atoms, in either a straight-chain or branched-chain configuration with alkylene oxide. Commercially available nonionic surfactants of this type include Igepal® CO-630, available from the GAF Corporation; and Triton® X-45, X-114, X-100 and X-102, all available from the Dow Chemical Company.
[0173] Examples of other suitable non-ionic surfactants are commercially available Pluronic® surfactants, marketed by BASF, commercially available Tetronic® compounds, marketed by BASF.d. zwitterionic surfactants
[0174] Some non-limiting examples of zwitterionic or ampholytic surfactants include: derivatives of secondary and tertiary amines, derivatives of secondary and tertiary heterocyclic amines, or derivatives of quaternary ammonium, quaternary phosphonium or tertiary sulfonium compounds. See U.S. Patent No. 3,929,678 at column 19, line 38 through column 22, line 48, for examples of zwitterionic surfactants; betaines including alkyl dimethyl betaine and cocodimethyl amido propyl betaine, C8 to C18 (e.g. C12 to C18) amine and sulfo oxides and hydroxy betaines such as N-alkyl-N,N-dimethylamino-1-propanesulfonate where the alkyl group may be C8 to C18 and, in certain embodiments, C10 to C14.e. amphoteric surfactant
[0175] Some non-limiting examples of amphoteric surfactants are: aliphatic derivatives of secondary or tertiary amines, or aliphatic derivatives of secondary or tertiary heterocyclic amines, in which the aliphatic radical can be straight or branched chain and mixtures thereof. One of the aliphatic substituents may contain at least about 8 carbon atoms, for example from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and at least one contains a water-solubilizing anionic group, for example carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate. See U.S. Patent No. 3,929,678 at column 19, lines 18 to 35, for suitable examples of amphoteric surfactants.F. Cotensives
[0176] In addition to the surfactants described above, the filaments may also contain co-surfactants. In the case of laundry detergents and/or dishwashing detergents, they typically contain a mixture of surfactant types in order to achieve full-scale cleaning performance for a variety of soils and stains and under a variety of cleaning conditions. use. A wide variety of these co-surfactants can be used in the filaments of the present invention. A typical listing of the anionic, nonionic, ampholytic, and zwitterionic classes and species of these co-surfactants is given earlier in this document and can also be found in U.S. Pat. US No. 3,664,961. In other words, the surfactant systems of the present invention may also include one or more co-surfactants selected from non-ionic, cationic, anionic, zwitterionic or mixtures thereof. The selection of the cosurfactant may be dependent on the desired benefit. The surfactant system may comprise from 0% to about 10%, or from about 0.1% to about 5%, or from about 1% to about 4%, by weight, of the composition of the other(s) co-surfactant(s).g. Anionic amine neutralized surfactants
[0177] The anionic surfactants and/or anionic co-surfactants of the present invention may exist in an acidic form, which can be neutralized to form a surfactant salt. In one example, the filaments may comprise a salt form of surfactant. Typical agents for neutralization include a metal counterion base such as hydroxides, for example NaOH or KOH. Other agents for neutralizing anionic surfactants and anionic co-surfactants to their acidic forms include ammonia, amines, or alkanolamines. In one example, the neutralizing agent comprises an alkanolamine, for example, an alkanolamine selected from the group consisting of: monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, and other linear or branched alkanolamines known in the art; for example, 2-amino-1-propanol, 1-amino-propanol, monoisopropanol amine, or 1-amino-3-propanol. The amine neutralization can be done completely or partially, for example, part of the anionic surfactant mixture can be neutralized with sodium or potassium and part of the anionic surfactant mixture can be neutralized with amines or alkanolamines.Perfumes
[0178] One or more perfumes and/or perfume raw materials, such as chords and/or notes can be incorporated into one or more of the filaments of the present invention. The perfume may comprise a perfume ingredient selected from the group consisting of: aldehyde-based perfume ingredients, ketone-based perfume ingredients, and mixtures thereof.
[0179] One or more perfumes and/or perfumery ingredients may be included in the filaments of the present invention. A wide variety of natural and synthetic chemical ingredients useful as perfumes and/or perfumery ingredients include but are not limited to aldehydes, ketones, esters, and mixtures thereof. Also included are various natural extracts and essences which may comprise complex mixtures of ingredients such as orange oil, lemon oil, rose extract, lavender, musk, patchouli, balsamic essence, sandalwood oil, pine oil, cedarwood and the like. Finished perfumes can comprise extremely complex mixtures of such ingredients. In one example, a finished perfume typically comprises from about 0.01% to about 2%, by weight of the dry filament. Perfume release systems
[0180] Certain perfume delivery systems, methods for manufacturing certain perfume delivery systems, and the uses of such perfume delivery systems are presented in USPA 2007/0275866 A1. Some non-limiting examples of perfume delivery systems include the following: I. Polymer Aided Release (LAP): This perfume release technology uses polymeric materials to release perfume materials. Some examples are classical coacervation, charged or neutral polymers from water soluble or partially soluble to insoluble, liquid crystals, hot melts, hydrogels, scented plastics, microcapsules, nano and microlatex and polymeric film formers, as well as polymeric absorbents and adsorbents, between others. LAP includes, but is not limited to: a.) Matrix Systems: The fragrance is dissolved or dispersed in a polymer matrix or particle. Perfumes, for example, can be 1) dispersed in the polymer prior to formulation into the product or 2) added separately from the polymer during or after product formulation. Perfume diffusion from polymer is a commonly used activator that allows or increases the rate of perfume release from a polymer matrix system that is deposited or applied to the desired surface (situs), although many others are known. activators that can control the release of perfume. Absorption and/or adsorption onto polymeric particles, films, solutions and the like are aspects of this technology. Examples are nano or microparticles composed of organic materials (eg latex). Suitable particles include a wide range of materials including, but not limited to, polyacetal, polyacrylate, polyacrylic, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, polyaryl ether ketone, polybutadiene, polybutylene, polybutylene terephthalate, polychloroprene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate. polyethylene, polycyclohexylene dimethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polychloroprene, polyhydroxy alkanoate, polyketone, polyester, polyethylene, polyether imide, polyether sulfone, polyethylene chlorinates, polyimide, polyisoprene, polylactic acid, polymethyl pentene, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyphthalamide, polypropylene, polystyrene, polysulfone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, as well as polymers or copolymers based on acrylonitrile-butadiene, cellulose acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate, ethylene vinyl alcohol, styrene-butadiene, ethylene-vinyl and mixtures thereof.
[0181] "Conventional" systems refer to those that are "pre-charged" with the intention of keeping the perfume pre-charged associated with the polymer until the moment, or moments, of release of said perfume. These polymers can also suppress the odor of the pure product and provide an explosion benefit and/or aroma longevity, depending on the perfume release rate. A challenge with these systems is achieving the ideal balance between 1) stability in the product (keeping the perfume inside the carrier until it is needed) and 2) release at the right time (during use or from a dry location). Achieving this stability is particularly important during product storage and aging. This challenge is particularly evident for water-based products containing surfactant, such as heavy-duty type laundry detergents. Many of the "conventional" matrix systems available effectively become "balance" systems when formulated in water-based products. One can select an "equilibrium" system or a reservoir system, which has acceptable diffusion stability in the product and available activators for release (eg, attrition). "Balance" systems are those where the scent and polymer can be added separately to the product, and the balancing interaction between the scent and the polymer leads to a benefit at one or more consumer touch points (compared to a scent-free control that does not have any polymer-assisted release technology). The polymer can also be pre-loaded with perfume; however, some or all of the perfume can diffuse during storage into a product that achieves an equilibrium that includes having the desired perfume raw materials (PRMs) associated with the polymer. The polymer then transports the perfume to the surface, and release typically takes place via perfume diffusion. The use of these equilibrium system polymers has the potential to decrease the odor intensity of the pure product (generally even more in the case of a conventional pre-charged system). The deposition of these polymers can serve to "flatten" the release profile and provide greater longevity. As indicated above, this longevity would be achieved by suppressing the initial intensity and could allow the formulator to use MPPs with higher impact, low odor detection threshold (LDO) or low Kovats Index (KI), in order to obtain PMDV benefits without an initial intensity that is too strong or distorted. It is important that the perfume release occurs within the application period so as to impact one or more desired consumer touch points. Suitable microparticles and microlatexes, as well as methods for manufacturing the same, can be found in USPA 2005/0003980 A1. Matrix systems also include hot melt adhesives and scented plastics. In addition, hydrophobically modified polysaccharides can be formulated into the perfumed product to increase perfume deposition and/or modify perfume release. All these matrix systems, including for example polysaccharides and nanolatexes, can be combined with other TLPs, including other LAP systems, such as reservoir systems for LAP in the form of a microcapsule of perfume (MCP). Matrix systems for polymer-assisted release (LAP) may include those described in the following references: US Patent Applications 2004/0110648 A1; 2004/0092414 A1; 2004/0091445 A1 and 2004/0087476 A1; and US patents 6,531,444; 6,024,943; 6,042,792; 6,051,540; 4,540,721 and 4,973,422.
[0182] Silicones are also examples of polymers that can be used as TLPs, and can provide perfume benefits similar to a "matrix system" for polymer-assisted release. This type of TLP is called silicone-assisted release (LAS). Silicones can be pre-loaded with perfume, or used as a balancing system as described for LAP. Suitable silicones and the manufacture thereof can be found in WO 2005/102261; USPA 20050124530A1; USPA 20050143282A1; and WO 2003/015736. Functionalized silicones may also be used as described in USPA 2006/003913 A1. Examples of silicones include polydimethyl siloxane and polyalkyl dimethyl siloxanes. Other examples include those with amine functionality, which can be used to obtain benefits associated with amine-assisted release (LAA), and/or polymer-assisted release (LAP), and/or the reaction products of amine (PRA). Other such examples can be found in USP 4,911,852; USPA 2004/0058845 A1; USPA 2004/0092425 A1 and USPA 2005/0003980 A1.b.) Reservoir systems: Reservoir systems are also known as core-capsule technology, that is, a technology in which the fragrance is surrounded by a membrane controlling the perfume release, which can serve as a protective capsule. The material inside the microcapsule is called the core, inner phase, or filling, while the wall is sometimes called the capsule, shell, or membrane. Microparticles, or pressure sensitive capsules or microcapsules are examples of this technology. The microcapsules of the present invention are formed by a variety of procedures that include, but are not limited to, coating, extrusion, spray drying, and interfacial, in-situ, and matrix polymerization. Possible capsule materials vary widely in their stability against water. Among the most stable are materials based on polyoxymethylene urea (PMU), which can maintain certain MPPs even for long periods in an aqueous solution (or a product). Such systems include, but are not limited to, urea-formaldehyde and/or melamine-formaldehyde. Stable shell materials include polyacrylate-based materials obtained as the reaction product of an oil-soluble or dispersible amine with a multifunctional acrylate or methacrylate monomer or oligomer, an oil-soluble acid, and an initiator, in the presence of a an anionic emulsifier comprising a water soluble or water dispersible alkyl acid copolymer of acrylic acid, an alkali or alkali salt. Gelatin-based microcapsules can be prepared so that they dissolve quickly or slowly in water depending, for example, on the degree of cross-linking. Many other capsule wall materials are available, and vary in the degree of perfume diffusion stability observed. Without being bound by theory, the rate of release of perfume from a capsule, for example when it is deposited on a surface, is typically in the reverse order of the diffusion stability of the perfume within the product. Thus, urea-formaldehyde and melamine-formaldehyde microcapsules, for example, typically require a release mechanism other than, or in addition to, diffusion for release, such as a mechanical force (e.g. friction, pressure, tensile stress). shear) that serves to break the capsule and increase the rate of perfume (fragrance) release. Other activators include fusion, dissolution, hydrolysis or other chemical reaction, electromagnetic radiation and the like. The use of pre-filled microcapsules requires the proper ratio of stability in the product to release during use and/or on the surface (on situs), as well as the proper selection of MPPs. Microcapsules based on urea-formaldehyde and/or melamine-formaldehyde are relatively stable, especially in nearly neutral aqueous-based solutions. These materials may require a friction activator that may not be suitable for all product applications. Other microcapsule materials (eg, gelatin) may be unstable in water-based products, and may even offer a reduced benefit (compared to perfume-free control) when aged in the product. Smear-and-smell technologies are yet another example of a LAP. Perfume microcapsules (MCPs) may include those described in the following references: US Patent Applications: 2003/0125222 A1; 2003/215417 A1, 2003/2163/165692 a1, 2004/071742 A1, 2004/072719 A1, 2004/072720 A1, 2006/0039934 A1, 2003/203829 A1, 2003/195133 A1, 2004/087477 A1, 2004/0106536 A1; and US patents 6,645,479 B1; 6,200,949 B1; 4,882,220; 4,917,920; 4,514,461; 6,106,875 and 4,234,627, 3,594,328 and US RE 32713, PCT patent application: WO 2009/134234 A1 , WO 2006/127454 A2 , WO 2010/079466 A2 , WO 2010/079467 A2 , WO 2010/079468 A2 , WO 2010/084480 A2. II. Molecule Aided Release (LAM): Non-polymeric materials or molecules can also serve to optimize perfume release. Without being bound by theory, perfume can interact non-covalently with organic materials, resulting in altered deposition and/or release. Some non-limiting examples of these organic materials include, but are not limited to, hydrophobic materials such as organic oils, waxes, mineral oils, petrolatum, fatty acids or esters, sugars, surfactants, liposomes, and even other perfume raw materials (oils). essential oils), as well as natural oils, including body dirt and/or other dirt. Perfume fixatives are yet another example. In one aspect, the non-polymeric materials or molecules have a cLogP greater than about 2. Molecular Aided Release (LAM) may also include those described in USP 7,119,060 and USP 5,506,201. III. Fiber Aided Release (LAF): Choosing or using a situs alone can serve to optimize scent release. In fact, situs itself may be a technology for releasing perfume. For example, different types of fabric, such as cotton or polyester, will have different properties in terms of their ability to attract, and/or retain, and/or release perfume. The amount of perfume deposited on or inside the fibers can be altered by the choice of fiber, as well as the history or treatment of the fiber, as well as any coatings or treatments applied to it. Fibers can be woven and non-woven, as well as natural or synthetic. Natural fibers include those produced by plants, animals and geological processes and include, but are not limited to, cellulosic materials such as cotton, linen, hemp, jute, ramie and sisal, and fibers used to make paper and cloth. Fiber-assisted release may consist of the use of wood fiber, such as thermomechanical pulp and bleached or unbleached kraft or sulphite pulps. Animal fibers consist largely of specific proteins such as silk, tendon, catgut, and fur (including wool). Polymeric fibers based on synthetic chemicals include, but are not limited to, polyamide, nylon, polyester PET or PBT, phenol formaldehyde (PF), polyvinyl alcohol fiber (PVOH), polyvinyl chloride fiber (PVC), polio - lefins (PP and PE) and acrylic polymers. All of these fibers can be pre-loaded with a perfume and then added to a product that may or may not contain free perfume and/or one or more technologies for perfume delivery. In one aspect, the fibers can be added to a product before being loaded with a perfume and then loaded by adding a perfume to the product that can diffuse into the fiber. Without being bound by theory, perfume can be absorbed or adsorbed into the fiber, for example during product storage, and then be released at one or more moments of truth or consumer touch points.IV. Amine-assisted release (LAA): The amine-assisted release technology approach uses materials that contain an amine group to enhance perfume deposition or modify perfume release during product use. In this approach, there are no requirements for the pre-complexation or pre-reaction of the perfume and amine raw materials prior to addition to the product. In one aspect, amine-containing AAD materials suitable for use herein may be non-aromatic; For example, polyalkyl imine, such as polyethyleneimine (PEI), or polyvinylamine (PVAm), or aromatics, for example, anthranilates. Such materials may also be polymeric or non-polymeric. In one aspect, these materials contain at least one primary amine. This technology will allow for greater longevity and controlled release also for low LDO perfume notes (e.g. aldehydes, ketones, enones) through amine functionality, as well as release of other MPPs, without being bound by theory, through assisted release. from polymers to polymeric amines. Without this technology, volatile top notes can get lost too quickly, leaving a higher ratio of mid and base notes to top notes. The use of a polymeric amine allows higher levels of higher grades and other MPPS to be used to achieve longevity of freshness without making the pure product odor more intense than desired, or allowing the top notes and other MPPs are used more efficiently. In one aspect, LAA systems are effective for releasing MPPs at a pH greater than about neutral. Without being bound by theory, the conditions under which more amines in the LAA system are deprotonated can result in an increased affinity of the deprotonated amines for MPPs such as aldehydes and ketones, including unsaturated ketones and enones such as damascone. In another aspect, polymeric amines are effective for releasing MPPs at a pH less than about neutral. Without being bound by theory, the conditions under which more amines in the LAA system are protonated can result in a decreased affinity of the protonated amines for MPPs such as aldehydes and ketones, and in a strong affinity of the polymer backbone for a wide range of MPPs. In such an aspect, polymer-assisted release can release more of the perfume benefit; such systems are a subspecies of AAD and may be called Polymer Amine Aided Release or APAD. In some cases, when these LAPA systems are employed in a composition that has a pH of less than seven, they can also be considered polymer-assisted delivery (LAP) systems. In yet another aspect, the LAA and LAP systems can interact with other materials, such as anionic surfactants or polymers, to form coacervates and/or coacervate-like systems. In another aspect, a material that contains a heteroatom other than nitrogen, for example sulfur, phosphorus or selenium, can be used as an alternative to amine compounds. In yet another aspect, the aforementioned alternative compounds can be used in combination with amine compounds. In yet another aspect, a single molecule may comprise an amine moiety and one or more of the alternative heteroatom moieties, for example thiols, phosphines and selenols. Suitable LAA systems, as well as methods for manufacturing the same, can be found in patent applications US 2005/0003980 A1; 2003/0199422 A1; 2003/0036489 A1; 2004/0220074 A1 and USP 6,103,678. V. Cyclodextrin (CD) Aided Delivery System: This technology approach uses a cyclic oligosaccharide or cyclodextrin to optimize perfume delivery. Typically, a perfume and cyclodextrin (CD) complex is formed. These complexes can be preformed, formed in-situ, or formed on or within situs. Without being bound by theory, water loss can serve to shift the balance towards the CD-perfume complex, especially if other auxiliary ingredients (e.g. surfactant) are not present in high concentrations to compete with perfume for the cyclodextrin cavity. . An aroma burst benefit can be obtained if exposure to water or an increase in moisture content occurs at a later time. Furthermore, cyclodextrin allows the perfume formulator greater flexibility in selecting MPPs. The cyclodextrin can be pre-loaded with perfume or added separately thereto to obtain the desired stability, deposition or perfume release benefits. Suitable CDs, as well as methods for making them, can be found in USPA 2005/0003980 A1 and 2006/0263313 A1, and in U.S. Patents 5,552,378; 3,812,011; 4,317,881; 4,418,144 and 4,378,923.VI. Starch-encapsulated accord (AEA): The use of starch-encapsulated accord (AEA) technology makes it possible to modify the properties of the perfume, for example by converting a liquid perfume into a solid, by adding ingredients such as starch. The benefit includes improved scent retention during product storage, especially under non-aqueous conditions. Upon exposure to moisture, a burst of perfume aroma may be triggered. Benefits can also be gained at other moments of truth, as starch allows the product formulator to select MPPs, or concentrations of MPP, that normally could not be used without the presence of an AEA. Another example of technology includes the use of other organic and inorganic materials, such as silica, to convert liquid perfumes to solids. Suitable AEAs, as well as methods for making them, can be found in USPA 2005/0003980 A1 and USP 6,458,754 B1. VII. Inorganic Carrier Release System (CIZ): This technology refers to the use of porous zeolites or other inorganic materials for the release of perfumes. Perfume loaded zeolite can be used with or without auxiliary ingredients used, for example, to coat perfume loaded zeolite (ZCP) to alter its perfume release properties during product storage, during use, or from dry situs. Suitable zeolites and inorganic carriers, as well as methods for manufacturing the same, can be found in USPA 2005/0003980 A1 and in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,858,959; 6,245,732 B1; 6,048,830 and 4,539,135. Silica is another form of ZCI. Another example of a suitable inorganic carrier includes inorganic tubules, where the perfume or other active material is contained within the lumen of the nano or microtubules. In one aspect, the perfume loaded inorganic tubule (or Perfume Loaded Tubule or TCP) is a mineral nanotubule or microtubule, such as halloysite or mixtures of halloysite with other inorganic materials, including other clays. TCP technology may also comprise additional ingredients inside and/or outside the tubule, with the purpose of optimizing diffusion stability within the product, deposition on the desired situs, or to control the rate of perfume release. loaded. Monomeric and/or polymeric materials, including starch encapsulation, can be used to coat, block, cap, or otherwise encapsulate TCP. Suitable TCP systems, as well as their manufacturing methods, can be found in USP 5,651,976. VIII. Pro-perfume (PP): This technology refers to perfume technologies that result from the reaction of perfume materials with other substrates or chemicals to form materials that have a covalent bond between one or more MPPs and one or more carriers. The MPP is converted into a new material called pro-MPP (ie, pro-perfume), which can then release the original MPP upon exposure to an activator such as water or light. Properfumes can provide enhanced perfume release properties, such as increased deposition, longevity, stability, and perfume retention, among others. Properfumes include those that are monomeric (non-polymeric) or polymeric, and can be preformed or formed in-situ under equilibrium conditions, such as those that can be present during storage in the product, or in wet or dry situs. dry. Some non-limiting examples of properfumes include Michael adducts (eg, beta-aminoketones), aromatic or non-aromatic imines (Schiff bases), oxazolidines, beta-ketoesters, and orthoesters. Another aspect includes compounds comprising one or more beta-oxy or beta-thiocarbonyl moieties capable of releasing an MPP, for example a ketone, an aldehyde or a carboxylic ester, alpha or beta-unsaturated. The typical trigger for perfume release is exposure to water; although other triggers can include enzymes, heat, light, pH change, auto-oxidation, a change in equilibrium, change in ionic concentration or strength, and others. For water-based products, light-activated pro-perfumes are particularly suitable. These photoproperfumes (FPPs) include, but are not limited to, those that release coumarin derivatives and perfumes and/or properfumes upon activation. The released pro-perfume can release one or more MPPs through any of the above mentioned activators. In one aspect, the photoproperfume releases a nitrogen-based properfume when exposed to an activator such as light and/or moisture. In another aspect, the nitrogen-based properfume released by the photoproperfume releases one or more selected MPPs, for example, from among aldehydes, ketones (including enones) and alcohols. In yet another aspect, FPP releases a dihydroxy coumarin derivative. The light-activated pro-perfume can also be an ester that releases a coumarin derivative and a perfume alcohol. In one aspect, the pro-perfume is a dimethoxy benzoin derivative as described in USPA 2006/0020459 A1. In another aspect, the pro-perfume is a 3', 5'-dimethoxy benzoin (DMB) derivative that releases an alcohol upon exposure to electromagnetic radiation. In yet another aspect, the pro-perfume releases one or more low LDO MPPs, including tertiary alcohols such as linalool, tetrahydro linalool or dihydro myrcenol. Suitable pro-perfumes and methods for making the same can be found in US patents 7,018,978 B2; 6,987,084 B2; 6,956,013 B2; 6,861,402 B1; 6,544,945 B1; 6,093,691; 6,277,796 B1; 6,165,953; 6,316,397 B1; 6,437,150 B1; 6,479,682 B1; 6,096,918; 6,218,355 B1; 6,133,228; 6,147,037; 7,109,153 B2; 7,071,151 B2; 6,987,084 B2; 6,610,646 B2 and 5,958,870, as can be found in USPA 2005/0003980 A1 and USPA 2006/0223726 A1.a.) Amine Reaction Product (PRA): For the purposes of this patent application, PRA is a subclass or species of PP. "Reactive" polymeric amines where the amine functionality is pre-reacted with one or more PRMs to form an amine reaction product (PRA) can also be used. Typically, reactive amines are primary and/or secondary amines, and can be part of a polymer or monomer (non-polymer). These PRAs can also be blended with additional MPPs for polymer-assisted release and/or amine-assisted release benefits. Some non-limiting examples of polymeric amines include polymers based on polyalkyl imines, such as polyethylene imine (PEI) or polyvinyl amine (PVAm). Some non-limiting examples of monomeric (non-polymeric) amines include hydroxy amines such as 2-aminoethanol and its alkyl substituted derivatives, and aromatic amines such as anthranilates. PRAs can be pre-mixed with perfume or added separately in rinse-off or rinse-off applications. In another aspect, a material that contains a heteroatom other than nitrogen, for example oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus or selenium, can be used as an alternative to amine compounds. In yet another aspect, the aforementioned alternative compounds can be used in combination with amine compounds. In yet another aspect, a single molecule may comprise an amine moiety and one or more of the alternative heteroatom moieties, for example thiols, phosphines and selenols. The benefit can include optimized scent release as well as controlled scent release. Suitable PRAs, as well as methods for making them, can be found in USPA 2005/0003980 A1 and USP 6,413,920 B1.Bleaching Agents
[0183] The filaments of the present invention may comprise one or more bleaching agents. Some non-limiting examples of suitable bleaching agents include peroxyacids, perborate, percarbonate, chlorine bleaches, oxygen bleaches, hypoallyte bleaches, bleach precursors, bleach activators, bleach catalysts , hydrogen peroxide, bleaching enhancers, photobleachers, bleaching enzymes, free radical initiators, peroxygen bleaches, and mixtures thereof.
[0184] One or more bleaching agents may be included in the filaments of the present invention in an amount of from about 1% to about 30% and/or from about 5% to about 20%, by weight of the dry filament. If present, the bleach activators may be present in the filaments of the present invention in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 60% and/or from about 0.5% to about 40%, by weight of the dry filament.
[0185] Some non-limiting examples of bleaching agents include oxygen bleach, perborate bleach, percarboxylic acid bleach and salts thereof, peroxygen bleach, persulfate bleach, percarbonate bleach, and mixtures thereof. Additionally, non-limiting examples of bleaching agents are disclosed in US Patent No. 4,483,781, US Patent Application Serial No. 740,446, European Patent Application 0,133,354, US Patent No. 4,412. 934, and US Patent No. 4,634,551.
[0186] Some non-limiting examples of targeting activators (eg, acyl lactam activators) are shown in US Patent Nos. 4,915,854; 4,412,934; 4,634,551; 4,634,551; and 4,966,723.
[0187] In one example, the bleaching agent comprises a transition metal bleach catalyst, which can be encapsulated. The transition metal bleach catalyst typically comprises a transition metal ion, for example a transition metal ion of a transition metal selected from the group consisting of: Mn(II), Mn(III), Mn( IV), Mn(V), Fe(II), Fe(III), Fe(IV), Co(I), Co(II), Co(III), Ni(I), Ni(II), Ni( III), Cu(I), Cu(II), Cu(III), Cr(II), Cr(III), Cr(IV), Cr(V), Cr(VI), V(III), V( IV), V(V), Mo(IV), Mo(V), Mo(VI), W(IV), W(V), W(VI), Pd(II), Ru(II), Ru( III), and Ru(IV). In one example, the transition metal is selected from the group consisting of: Mn(II), Mn(III), Mn(IV), Fe(II), Fe(III), Cr(II), Cr(III) , Cr(IV), Cr(V), and Cr(VI). The transition metal bleaching catalyst typically comprises a linker, for example a macropolycyclic linker, such as a cross-linked macropolycyclic linker. The transition metal metal ion can be coordinated with the ligand. Additionally, the linker may comprise at least four donor atoms, at least two of which are bridgehead donor atoms. Some non-limiting examples of suitable transition metal bleaching catalysts are described in U.S. 5,580,485, U.S.4,430,243; U.S. 4,728,455; U.S. 5,246,621; U.S. 5,244,594; U.S.5,284,944; U.S. 5,194,416; U.S. 5,246,612; U.S. 5,256,779; U.S.5,280,117; U.S. 5,274,147; U.S. 5,153,161; U.S. 5,227,084; U.S.5,114,606; U.S. 5,114,611, EP 549,271 A1; EP 544,490 A1; EP 549,272 A1; and EP 544,440 A2. In one example, a suitable transition metal bleach catalyst comprises a manganese-based catalyst, for example, disclosed in U.S. 5,576,282. In another example, suitable cobalt-based bleach catalysts are described in U.S. 5,597,936 and U.S. 5,595,967. Such cobalt-based catalysts are readily prepared by known procedures, as taught, for example, in U.S. No. 5,597,936 and U.S. No. 5,595,967. In yet another example, suitable transition metal bleaching catalysts comprise a ligand transition metal complex such as the bispidones described in WO 05/042532 A1.
[0188] Bleaching agents other than oxygen bleaching agents are also known in the art and can be used in the present invention (e.g., photoactivated bleaching agents such as sulfonated zinc and/or aluminum phthalocyanines (US Patent No. 4,033,718) , incorporated herein by way of reference), or preformed organic peracids, such as peroxycaoxylic acid or salt thereof, and/or peroxysulfonic acids or salts thereof. In one example, a suitable organic peracid comprises phthaloylimido peroxy acid caproic acid or a salt thereof. When present, photoactivated bleaching agents, such as sulfonated zinc phthalocyanine, may be present in the filaments of the present invention in an amount from about 0.025% to about 1.25%, by weight of the filament. dry. Bleach
[0189] Any optical brighteners or other brighteners or bleaching agents known in the art can be incorporated into the filaments of the present invention at levels ranging from about 0.01% to about 1.2%, by weight of the dry filament. Commercial optical brighteners that may be useful in the present invention can be classified into subgroups, which include, but are not necessarily limited to, stilbene derivatives, pyrazoline, coumarin, carboxylic acid, methiocyanines, dibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide, azoles, 5 and 6 element heterocycles and other mixed agents. Examples of such brighteners are given in "The Production and Application of Fluorescent Brightening Agents", M. Zahradnik, published by John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA (1982). Some specific non-limiting examples of optical brighteners that are useful in the present compositions are those identified in US Patent No. 4,790,856 and US Patent No. 3,646,015.
[0190] The filaments of the present invention may include fabric tinting agents. Some non-limiting examples of suitable fabric tinting agents include small molecule dyes and polymer dyes. Suitable small molecule dyes include those selected from the group consisting of dyes that fall within the Color Index (CI) classifications of Direct Blue, Direct Red, Direct Violet, Acid Blue, Acid Red, Acid Violet, Basic Blue, Violet Basic and Basic Red, or mixtures thereof. In another example, suitable polymeric dyes include those selected from the group consisting of fabric-adherent dyes commercially available under the name Liquitint® (Milliken, Spartanburg, South Carolina, USA), dye-polymer conjugates formed from at least a reactive dye and a polymer selected from the group consisting of polymers comprising a portion selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl moiety, a primary amine moiety, a secondary amine moiety, a thiol moiety and mixtures thereof. In yet another aspect, suitable polymeric dyes include polymeric dyes selected from the group consisting of Liquitint® (Milliken, Spartanburg, Southern California, USA) Violet CT, carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) conjugated to a reactive blue dye, violet reactive or reactive red as CMC conjugated to CI reactive blue 19, sold by Megazyme, Wicklow, Ireland under the product name AZO-CM-CELLULOSE, product code S-ACMC, polymeric alkoxylated triphenyl methane dyes, polymeric alkoxylated thiophene dyes and mixtures thereof.
[0191] Non-limiting examples of useful toning dyes include those found in US 7,205,269; US 7,208,459; and US 7,674,757 B2. For example, toning fabric dyes can be selected from the group consisting of: triaryl methane blue and violet basic dyes, methine blue and violet basic dyes, anthraquinone blue and violet basic dyes, Basic Blue 16 azo dyes, Basic Blue 65, Basic Blue 66 Basic Blue 67, Basic Blue 71, Basic Blue 159, Basic Violet 19, Basic Violet 35, Basic Violet 38, Basic Violet 48, oxazine dyes, Basic Blue 3, Basic Blue 75, Basic Blue 95, Basic Blue 122, Basic Blue 124, Basic Blue 141, Nile Blue A and xanthene dye Basic Violet 10, an alkoxylated triphenyl methane polymer dye; an alkoxylated thiopene polymeric dye; thiazolium dye; and mixtures thereof.
[0192] In one example, a fabric toning dye includes the bleaching agents found in WO 08/87497 A1. These bleaching agents can be characterized by the following structure (I):

[0193] Whereas R1 and R2 can be independently selected from: a) [(CH2CR'HO)x(CH2CR"HO)yH]wherein R' is selected from the group consisting of H, CH3, CH2O(CH2CH2O )zH, and mixtures thereof; wherein R' is selected from the group consisting of H, CH, CH2O(CH2CH2O)zH, and mixtures thereof; wherein x + y < 5; wherein y > 1; and where z = 0 to 5; b) R1 = alkyl, aryl or aryl alkyl and R2 = [(CH2CR'HO)x(CH2CR"HO)yH]wherein R' is selected from the group consisting of H , CH3, CH2O(CH2CH2O)zH, and mixtures thereof; wherein R' is selected from the group consisting of H, CH, CH2O(CH2CH2O)zH, and mixtures thereof; where x + y < 10; where y > 1; and wherein z = 0 to 5; c) R1 = [CH2CH2(OR3)CH2OR4] and R2 = [CH2CH2(O R3)CH2O R4] wherein R3 is selected from the group consisting of H, (CH2CH2O)zH, and mixtures thereof; and wherein z = 0 to 10; wherein R4 is selected from the group consisting of (C1-C16)alkyl, aryl groups and mixtures thereof; and d) wherein R1 and R2 may be independently selected from the amino addition product of styrene oxide, glycidyl methyl ether, isobutyl glycidyl ether, isopropyl glycidyl ether, t-butyl glycidyl ether, 2-ethyl hexyl glycidyl ether and glycidyl hexadecyl ether, followed by the addition of 1 to 10 alkylene oxide units.
[0194] In another example, a suitable bleaching agent can be characterized by the following structure (II):
wherein R' is selected from the group consisting of H, CH3, CH2O(CH2CH2O)zH, and mixtures thereof; wherein R' is selected from the group consisting of H, CH, CH2O(CH2CH2O)zH, and mixtures thereof; where x + y <5; where y >1; and where z = 0 to 5.
[0195] In yet another example, a suitable bleaching agent can be characterized by the following structure (III):

[0196] This bleaching agent is commonly termed "violet DD". Violet DD is typically a mixture that has a total of 5 EO groups. This structure is achieved by the following selection in structure I of the following pendant groups shown in table I below in "part a" above:

[0197] Additional bleaching agents for use include those described in US2008/34511 A1 (Unilever). In one example, the bleaching agent comprises "violet 13". Dye transfer inhibiting agents
[0198] The filaments of the present invention may include one or more dye transfer inhibiting agents that inhibit the transfer of dyes from one fabric to another during a cleaning process. In general, such dye transfer inhibiting agents include polyvinyl pyrrolidone polymers, polyamine N-oxide polymers, copolymers of N-vinyl pyrrolidone and N-vinyl imidazole, manganese phthalocyanine and peroxidases, as well as mixtures of these substances. If used, these agents typically comprise from about 0.01% to about 10% and/or from about 0.01% to about 5% and/or from about 0.05% to about 2%, by weight of dry filament.Chelating agents
[0199] The filaments of the present invention may contain one or more chelating agents, for example, one or more chelating agents of iron and/or manganese and/or other metal ion. Such chelating agents may be selected from the group consisting of: amino carboxylates, amino phosphonates, polyfunctionally substituted aromatic chelating agents and mixtures thereof. If used, these chelating agents will generally comprise from about 0.1% to about 15% and/or from about 0.1% to about 10% and/or from about 0.1% to about 5% and/or from about 0.1% to about 3%, by weight of the dry filament.
[0200] Chelating agents can be chosen by one skilled in the art to provide sequestration of heavy metal (eg, Fe) without negatively impacting enzyme stability through excessive binding of calcium ions. Some non-limiting examples of chelating agents useful in the present invention are found in US 7445644 , US 7585376 and US 2009/0176684A1 .
[0201] Useful chelating agents include heavy metal chelating agents such as diethylenetriaminepentacetic acid (DTPA) and/or a catechol including but not limited to Tiron. In embodiments in which a dual chelating agent system is used, the chelating agents can be DTPA and Tiron.
[0202] DTPA has the following core molecular structure:

[0203] Tiron, also known as 1,2-dihydroxy-benzene-3,5-disulfonic acid is a member of the catechol family and has the core molecular structure shown below.

[0204] Other sulfonated catechols are useful. In addition to disulfonic acid, the term "thyron" may also include mono- or disulfonate salts of the acid, such as the disodium sulfonate salt, which shares the same core molecular structure with disulfonic acid.
[0205] Other chelating agents suitable for use in the present invention may be selected from the group consisting of: amino carboxylates, amino phosphonates, polyfunctionally substituted aromatic chelating agents and mixtures thereof. In one example, chelating agents include, but are not limited to: HEDP (hydroxyethane dimethylene phosphonic acid); MGDA (Methylglycine diacetic acid); and mixtures thereof.
[0206] Without being bound by theory, it is believed that the benefit of these materials is due in part to their exceptional ability to remove heavy metal ions from washing solutions by forming soluble chelates; other benefits include prevention of deposit or inorganic film. Other chelating agents suitable for use in the present invention are the commercial DEQUEST series and chelators from Monsanto, DuPont, and Nalco, Inc.
[0207] Amino carboxylates useful as chelating agents include, but are not limited to, ethylenediaminetetraacetates, N-(hydroxyethyl)ethylenediaminetriacetates, nitrilotriacetates, ethylenediaminetetrapropionates, triethylenetetraaminohexacetates, diethylenetriamine-pentaacetates, and ethanol diglycines and alkali metal salts , ammonium and substituted ammonium thereof and mixtures thereof. Amino phosphonates are also suitable for use as chelating agents in compositions of the invention when at least low levels of total phosphorus are permitted in the filaments of the present invention, and include ethylenediaminetetracys (methylene phosphonates). In one example, these aminophosphonates contain no alkyl or alkenyl groups of more than about 6 carbon atoms. Polyfunctionally substituted aromatic chelating agents are also useful in the compositions of this invention. See US Patent No. 3,812,044, issued May 21, 1974 to Connor et al. Some non-limiting examples of compounds of this type in acid form are dihydroxydisulfobenzenes such as 1,2-dihydroxy-3,5-disulfobenzene.
[0208] In one example, a biodegradable chelating agent comprises ethylenediamine disuccinate ("EDDS"), for example, the [S,S] isomer, as described in US 4,704,233. EDDS trisodium salt can be used. In another example, magnesium salts of EDDS can also be used.
[0209] One or more chelating agents may be present in the filaments of the present invention in an amount of from about 0.2% to about 0.7% and/or from about 0.3% to about 0.6% , by weight of dry filament.Foam suppressants
[0210] Compounds for reducing or suppressing foaming can be incorporated into the filaments of the present invention. Foam suppression can be of particular importance in the so-called "high concentration cleaning process" as described in US Patent Nos. 4,489,455 and 4,489,574 and in front loading washing machines.
[0211] A wide variety of materials can be used as foam suppressors, and foam suppressors are well known to those skilled in the art. See, for example, Kirk Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Third Edition, Volume 7, pages 430 to 447 (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1979). Examples of suds suppressants include monocarboxylic fatty acid and salts soluble therein, high molecular weight hydrocarbons such as paraffin, fatty acid esters (e.g. fatty acid triglycerides), fatty acid esters of monovalent alcohols, C18C40 aliphatic ketones (e.g., stearone), N-alkylated amino triazines, waxy hydrocarbons, preferably having a melting point below about 100°C, silicone foam suppressants, and secondary alcohols. Foam suppressants are described in US Patent Nos. 2,954,347; 4,265,779; 4,265,779; 3,455,839; 3,933,672; 4,652,392; 4,978,471; 4,983,316; 5,288,431; 4,639,489; 4,749,740; and 4,798,679; 4,075,118; European Patent Application No. 89307851.9; EP 150,872; and DOS 2,124,526.
[0212] For any filaments and/or nonwovens comprising such filaments of the present invention designed to be used in automatic washing machines, foams must not form as they overflow the washing machine. Foam suppressants, when used, are preferably present in a "foam suppression amount". By "foam suppressing amount" it is meant that the formulator of the composition can select an amount of such foam controlling agent that will sufficiently control the suds to result in a low sudsing laundry detergent for use in machines. washing machine.
[0213] The filaments of the present invention will generally comprise from 0% to about 10%, by weight of the dry filament, of foam suppressants. When used as suds suppressants, for example, monocarboxylic fatty acids and their salts may be present in amounts of up to about 5% and/or from about 0.5% to about 3%, by weight of the dry filament. When used, silicone foam suppressants are typically used on the filaments in an amount of up to about 2.0% by weight of the dry filament, although larger amounts may be used. When used, monostearyl phosphate foam suppressants are typically used on the filaments in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 2%, by weight of the dry filament. When used, hydrocarbon foam suppressants are typically used on the filaments in an amount of from about 0.01% to about 5.0%, by weight of the dry filament, although higher levels can be used. When used, alcohol foam suppressants are typically used on the filaments in an amount of from about 0.2% to about 3%, by weight of the dry filament.Foam boosters
[0214] If high foaming is desired, foam boosters such as C10-C16 alkanolamides can be incorporated into the filaments, typically in an amount of from 0% to about 10% and/or from about 1% to about 10% by weight of the dry filament. The C10-C14 amides of monoethanol and diethanol illustrate a typical class of such foam boosters. It is also advantageous to use these foam boosters with high foaming auxiliary surfactants such as the amine oxides, betaines and sultains mentioned above. If desired, water-soluble magnesium and/or calcium salts such as MgCl2, MgSO4, CaCl2, CaSO4 and the like can be added to the filaments at levels ranging from about 0.1% to about 2% by weight. dry filament to provide additional foam. softening agents
[0215] One or more softening agents may be present in the filaments. Some non-limiting examples of suitable softening agents include quaternary ammonium compounds, for example a quaternary ammonium ester quaternary compound, silicones such as polysiloxanes, clays such as smectite clays, and mixtures thereof.
[0216] In one example, the softening agents comprise a fabric softening agent. Some non-limiting examples of fabric softening agents include impalpable smectite clays, such as those described in U.S. 4,062,647, as well as other fabric softening clays known in the art. When present, the fabric softening agent may be present in the filaments in an amount of from about 0.5% to about 10% and/or from about 0.5% to about 5%, by weight of the dry filament. Fabric softening clays may be used in combination with amine and/or cationic softening agents, such as those disclosed in U.S. 4,375,416, and U.S. 4,291,071. Cationic softening agents can also be used without fabric softening clays. conditioning agents
[0217] The filaments of the present invention may include one or more conditioning agents, such as a high melting fatty compound. The high melting point fatty compound may have a melting point of about 25°C or more, and may be selected from the group consisting of: fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty alcohol derivatives, fatty acid derivatives , and mixtures thereof. Such fatty compounds that have a low melting point (less than 25°C) are not intended to be included as a conditioning agent. Some non-limiting examples of high-melting fatty compounds are found in the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, fifth edition, 1993, and in the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, second edition, 1992.
[0218] One or more high melting point fatty compounds may be included in the filaments of the present invention in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 40% and/or from about 1% to about 30% and /or from about 1.5% to about 16% and/or from about 1.5% to about 8%, by weight of the dry filament. Conditioning agents can provide conditioning benefits such as a smooth feel when applied to wet hair and/or fabrics, smoothness and/or a hydrating feel to dry hair and/or fabrics.
[0219] The filaments of the present invention may contain a cationic polymer as a conditioning agent. The concentrations of the cationic polymer in the filaments, when present, typically range from about 0.05% to about 3% and/or from about 0.075% to about 2.0% and/or from about 0.1% to about 1.0% by weight of the dry filament. Some non-limiting examples of suitable cationic polymers may have cationic charge densities of at least 0.5 meq/gm and/or at least 0.9 meq/gm and/or at least 1.2 meq/gm and/or at least minus 1.5 meq/gm at a pH of about 3 to about 9 and/or from about 4 to about 8. In one example, cationic polymers suitable as conditioning agents may have cationic charge densities of less than 7 meq. /gm and/or less than 5 meq/gm at a pH of about 3 to about 9 and/or from about 4 to about 8. In the present invention, "cationic charge density" of a polymer refers to the ratio between the number of positive charges on the polymer and the molecular weight of the polymer. The weight average molecular weight of such suitable cationic polymers will generally be between about 10,000 and about 10 million, in one embodiment between about 50,000 and about 5 million, and in another embodiment between about 100,000 and about 3 million.
[0220] Cationic polymers suitable for use in the filaments of the present invention may contain cationic moieties containing nitrogen, such as quaternary ammonium and/or cationic moieties of protonated amino. Any anionic counterions may be used in association with the cationic polymers, provided that the cationic polymers remain water-soluble, and provided that the counterions are physically and chemically compatible with the other components of the filaments, or that they do not otherwise unduly harm the stability, aesthetics or performance of the product. Some non-limiting examples of these counterions include halides (eg, chloride, fluoride, bromide, iodide), sulfates, and methyl sulfates.
[0221] Some non-limiting examples of these cationic polymers are described in "CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary", 3a. edition, edited by Estrin, Crosley, and Haynes, (The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Inc., Washington, D.C. (1982)).
[0222] Other cationic polymers suitable for use in the filaments of the present invention include polymers of cationic polysaccharides, cationic guar gum derivatives, quaternary nitrogen-containing cellulose ethers, cationic synthetic polymers, cationic copolymers of etherified cellulose, guar gum and starch. When used, the cationic polymers of the present invention are water soluble. Additionally, cationic polymers suitable for use in the filaments of the present invention are described in U.S. 3,962,418, U.S. 3,958,581, and U.S. 2007/0207109A1, which are incorporated herein by reference.
[0223] The filaments of the present invention may include a non-ionic polymer as a conditioning agent. Polyalkylene glycols having a molecular weight of greater than about 1000 are useful in the present invention. Those that have the following general formula are useful:
wherein R95 is selected from the group consisting of: H, methyl, and mixtures thereof.
[0224] Silicones may be included in the filaments as conditioning agents. Silicones useful as conditioning agents typically comprise a water-insoluble, water-dispersible, non-volatile liquid that forms emulsified liquid particles. Conditioning agents suitable for use in the composition are those generally characterized as silicones (e.g. silicone oils, cationic silicones, silicone gums, high refraction silicones and silicone resins), organic conditioning oils (e.g. of hydrocarbons, polyolefins and fatty esters) or combinations thereof, or those conditioning agents that otherwise form liquid particles, dispersed in the aqueous surfactant matrix of the present invention. Such conditioning agents must be physically and chemically compatible with the essential components of the composition and must not otherwise unduly impair the stability, aesthetics or performance of the product.
[0225] The concentration of conditioning agents in the filaments must be sufficient to provide the desired conditioning benefits. Such concentration may vary depending on the conditioning agent, the desired conditioning performance, the average particle size of the conditioning agent, the type and concentration of other components, and other similar factors.
[0226] The concentration of silicone conditioning agents is typically in the range of about 0.01% to about 10% by weight of the dry filament. Some non-limiting examples of suitable silicone-based conditioning agents, and optional suspending agents for silicone, are described in U.S. Patent Renewal No. 34,584 and U.S. Patent No. 5,104,646 5,106,609; 4,152,416; 2,826,551; 3,964,500; 4,364,837; 6,607,717; 6,482,969; 5,807,956; 5,981,681; 6,207,782; 7,465,439; 7,041,767; 7,217,777; in US Patent Application Nos. 2007/0286837A1 ; 2005/0048549A1; 2007/0041929A1; British Patent No. 849,433; in German Patent No. DE 10036533, all such documents being incorporated herein by reference; Chemistry and Technology of Silicones, New York, USA: Academic Press (1968); General Electric Silicone Rubber Product Data Sheets SE 30, SE 33, SE 54 and SE 76; Silicon Compounds, Petrarch Systems, Inc. (1984); and in "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering", vol. 15, 2nd edition, pages 204 to 308, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (1989).
[0227] In one example, the filaments of the present invention may also comprise from about 0.05% to about 3%, by weight of the dry filament, of at least one organic conditioning oil as a conditioning agent, alone or in combination with other conditioning agents such as silicones (described herein). Suitable conditioning oils include hydrocarbon oils, polyolefins and fatty esters. Also suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention are the conditioning agents described by the Procter & Gamble Company in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,674,478 and 5,750,122. Also suitable for use in the present invention are the conditioning agents described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,529,586, 4,507,280, 4,663,158, 4,197,865, 4,217,914, 4,381,919, and 4,422,853, which are incorporated in the present invention by reference. Humectants
[0228] The filaments of the present invention may contain one or more humectants. The humectants of the present invention are selected from the group consisting of polyhydric alcohols, water-soluble alkoxylated non-ionic polymers and mixtures of these substances. The humectants, when used, may be present in the filaments in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 20% and/or from about 0.5% to about 5%, by weight of the dry filament. suspension agents
[0229] The filaments of the present invention may further comprise a suspending agent in concentrations effective to suspend water-insoluble materials dispersed in the compositions, or to modify the viscosity of the composition. Such concentrations of suspending agents range from about 0.1% to about 10% and/or from about 0.3% to about 5.0%, by weight of the dry filament.
[0230] Some non-limiting examples of suitable suspending agents include anionic polymers and nonionic polymers (e.g. vinyl polymers, acyl derivatives, long chain amine oxides, and mixtures thereof, fatty acid alkanol amides , long-chain esters of long-chain alkanol amides, glyceryl esters, primary amines that have a fatty moiety that has at least about 16 carbon atoms, secondary amines that have two fatty alkyl moieties, each having at least minus about 12 carbon atoms). Examples of suspending agents are described in US Patent No. 4,741,855. enzymes
[0231] One or more enzymes may be present in the filaments of the present invention. Some non-limiting examples of suitable enzymes include proteases, amylases, lipases, cellulases, carbohydrases including mannanases and endoglucanases, pectinases, hemicellulases, peroxidases, xylanases, phospholipases, esterases, cutinases, keratanases, reductases, oxidases, phenoloxidases, lipoxygenases , ligninases, pullulanases, tannases, penosanases, malanases, glucanases, arabinosidases, hyaluronidases, chrondroitinases, laccases, and mixtures thereof.
[0232] Enzymes may be included in the filaments of the present invention for a variety of reasons, including, but not limited to, the removal of protein-based, carbohydrate-based, or triglyceride-based stains from substrates, for the prevention of transfer of dye released in tissue washing, and for tissue restoration. In one example, the filaments of the present invention may include proteases, amylases, lipases, cellulases, peroxidases, and mixtures thereof from any suitable source, such as plant, animal, bacterial, fungal and yeast origin. Selections of enzymes used are influenced by factors such as activity at pH and/or optimal stability, thermostability, and stability to other additives, such as active agents, eg builders, present within the filaments. In one example, the enzyme is selected from the group consisting of: bacterial enzymes (eg, bacterial amylases and/or bacterial proteases), fungal enzymes (eg, fungal cellulases), and mixtures thereof.
[0233] When present in the filaments of the present invention, the enzymes may be present in levels sufficient to provide a "cleaning effective amount". The term "cleaning effective amount" refers to any amount capable of producing a cleaning, stain removing, soiling, bleaching, deodorizing or freshness enhancing effect on substrates such as fabrics, tableware and the like. In practical terms for current commercial preparations, typical amounts are up to about 5 mg by weight, more typically 0.01 mg to 3 mg, of active enzyme per gram of filament and/or fiber of the present invention. In other words, the filaments of the present invention will typically comprise from about 0.001% to about 5% and/or from about 0.01% to about 3% and/or from about 0.01% to about 1% by weight of the dry filament.
[0234] One or more enzymes may be applied to the filament and/or non-woven mat and/or film after the filament and/or non-woven mat and/or film are produced.
[0235] A range of enzyme materials and means for their incorporation into the filament-forming composition of the present invention, which may be a synthetic detergent composition, is also disclosed in WO 9307263 A; WO 9307260 A; WO 8908694 A; US Patent Nos. 3,553,139; 4,101,457; and in US Patent No. 4,507,219. Enzyme stabilizing system
[0236] When enzymes are present in the filaments and/or fibers of the present invention, an enzyme stabilizing system may also be included in the filaments. Enzymes can be stabilized by various techniques. Some non-limiting examples of enzyme stabilization techniques are presented and exemplified in US Patent Nos. 3,600,319 and 3,519,570; EP 199,405 , EP 200,586 ; and WO 9401532 A.
[0237] In one example, the enzyme stabilizing system may comprise calcium and/or magnesium ions.
[0238] The enzyme stabilizing system may be present in the strands of the present invention in an amount from about 0.001% to about 10% and/or from about 0.005% to about 8% and/or from about 0. 01% to about 6%, by weight of the dry filament. The enzyme stabilizing system can be any stabilizing system that is compatible with the enzymes present in the filaments. Such an enzyme stabilizing system can be inherently obtained by other actives in the formulation, or be added separately, for example, by the formulator or an enzyme manufacturer. Such enzyme stabilizing systems may comprise, for example, calcium ion, magnesium ion, boric acid, propylene glycol, short chain carboxylic acids, boronic acids, and mixtures thereof, and are designed to deal with different stabilization problems. builders
[0239] The filaments of the present invention may comprise one or more builders. Some non-limiting examples of suitable builders include zeolite builders, aluminosilicate based builders, silicate based builders, phosphate based builder, citric acid, citrates, nitrile triacetic acid, nitrile triacetate, polyacrylates, copolymers of acrylate/maleate, and mixtures thereof.
[0240] In one example, a builder selected from the group consisting of: aluminosilicates, silicates, and mixtures thereof, may be included in the filaments of the present invention. Builders may be included in the filaments to help control mineral hardness, especially calcium and/or magnesium in the wash water or to aid in the removal of particulate soiling from surfaces. Also suitable for use in the present invention are synthesized crystalline ion exchange materials or hydrates thereof which have a chain structure and a composition represented by the following general formula I, an anhydride form: x(M2O)ySiO2^zM'O wherein M is Na and/or K, M' is Ca and/or Mg; y/x is 0.5 to 2.0 and z/x is 0.005 to 1.0 as shown in US Patent No. 5,427,711.
[0241] Some non-limiting examples of other suitable builders that may be included in the filaments include phosphates and polyphosphates, for example the sodium salts thereof; carbonates, bicarbonates, sesquicarbonates and carbonate minerals in addition to sodium carbonate or sesquicarbonate; organic mono-, di-, tri-, and tetracarboxylates, e.g. water-soluble non-surfactant carboxylates in acid, sodium, potassium or alkanolammonium salt form, as well as oligomeric low molecular weight polymer carboxylates or water soluble including aliphatic and aromatic types; and phytic acid. These builders may be supplemented by borates, e.g. for pH buffering purposes, or by sulfates, e.g. sodium sulfate, and any other fillers or vehicles that may be of importance for engineering stable filaments containing surfactants and/or builders. of the present invention.
[0242] Still other builders can be selected from polycarboxylates, for example acrylic acid copolymers, acrylic acid and maleic acid copolymers, and copolymers of acrylic acid and/or maleic acid and other ethylene monomers suitable with various types. of additional functionality.
[0243] The builder quantity can vary greatly depending on the purpose. In one example, the filaments of the present invention can comprise at least 1% and/or from about 1% to about 30% and/or from about 1% to about 20% and/or from about 1 % to about 10% and/or from about 2% to about 5%, by weight, based on the dry fiber of one or more builders. Clay dirt removal/anti-redeposition agents
[0244] The filaments of the present invention may contain water-soluble ethoxylated amines that have clay dirt removal and anti-redeposition properties. Such water-soluble ethoxylated amines may be present in the filaments of the present invention in an amount of from about 0.01% to about 10.0% and/or from about 0.01% to about 7% and/or from about 0.1% to about 5%, by weight of the dry filament, of one or more water-soluble ethoxylated amines. Some non-limiting examples of suitable clay soil removal and anti-redeposition agents are described in US Patent Nos. 4,597,898; 548,744; 4,891,160; in European Patent Application Nos. 111,965; 111,984; 112,592; and WO 95/32272. polymeric dirt release agent
[0245] The filaments of the present invention may contain polymeric soil release agents, later in this document "SRAs." If used, the SRAs will generally comprise from about 0.01% to about 10.0% and/or from about 0.1% to about 5% and/or from about 0.2% to about of 3.0% by weight of the dry filament.
[0246] SRAs typically have hydrophilic segments to hydrophilize the surface of hydrophobic fibers, such as polyester and nylon, and hydrophobic segments to deposit on hydrophobic fibers and remain adhered to them until the end of the wash and rinse cycles, serving , thus, as an anchor for the hydrophilic segments. This can make stains that occur after ALS treatment more easily cleaned off in later washing procedures.
[0247] SRAs can include, for example, a variety of charged monomer units, e.g. anionic or even cationic (see US Patent No. 4,956,447), as well as uncharged, and the structures can be linear, branched or even in star shape. These may include terminal moieties that are especially effective for controlling molecular weight or altering surface activity or physical properties. Structures and load distributions can be adjusted for application to different fiber or textile product types and for detergent products or detergent additives. Some non-limiting examples of SRAs are described in US Patent Nos. 4,968,451; 4,711,730; 4,721,580; 4,702,857; 4,877,896; 3,959,230; 3,893,929; 4,000,093; 5,415,807; 4,201,824; 4,240,918; 4,525,524; 4,201,824; 4,579,681; and 4,787,989; in European patent application 0 219 048; 279,134 A; 457,205 A; and DE 2,335,044. Polymer dispersing agents
[0248] The polymeric dispersing agents can be advantageously used in the filaments of the present invention at levels ranging from about 0.1% to about 7% and/or from about 0.1% to about 5% and/or from about 0.5% to about 4%, by weight of the dry filament, especially in the presence of zeolite and/or layered silicate builders. Suitable polymeric dispersing agents may include polymeric polycarboxylates and polyethylene glycols, although others known in the art may also be used. For example, a wide variety of modified or unmodified polyacrylates, polyacrylate/maleates, or polyacrylate/methacrylates are highly useful. It is believed, while not wishing to be bound by theory, that polymeric dispersing agents enhance the overall performance of the detergent builder when used in combination with other builders (including lower molecular weight polycarboxylates) by inhibiting crystal growth, particulate dirt release peptization, and anti-redeposition. Some non-limiting examples of polymeric dispersing agents are found in US Patent No. 3,308,067, European Patent Application No. 66915, EP 193,360, and EP 193,360. Alkoxylated polyamine polymers
[0249] Alkoxylated polyamines may be included in the filaments of the present invention to provide dirt suspension, grease cleaning, and/or particulate cleaning. Such alkoxylated polyamines include, but are not limited to, ethoxylated polyethylene imines, ethoxylated hexamethylene diamines, and sulfated versions thereof. Polypropoxylated derivatives of polyamines may also be included in the filaments of the present invention. A wide variety of amines and polyalkyleneimines can be alkoxylated to varying degrees and optionally further modified to provide the aforementioned benefits. A useful example is 600 g/mol of ethoxylated polyethylene imine core for 20 EO groups per NH and is available from BASF. Alkoxylated polycarboxylate polymers
[0250] Alkoxylated polycarboxylates, such as those prepared from polyacrylates, may be included in the filaments of the present invention to provide additional degreasing performance. Such materials are described in WO 91/08281 and PCT 90/01815. Chemically, these materials comprise polyacrylates that have one ethoxy side chain for every 7 to 8 acrylate units. The side chains have the following formula -(CH2CH2O)m(CH2)nCH3 where m is 2 to 3 and n is 6 to 12. The side chains are ester-linked to the polyacrylate "main chain" to provide a backbone structure. polymer type "comb". Molecular weight can vary, but is typically in the range of about 2,000 to about 50,000. Such alkoxylated polycarboxylates may comprise from about 0.05% to about 10%, by weight of the dry filament. amphiphilic graft copolymers
[0251] The filaments of the present invention may include one or more amphiphilic graft copolymers. An example of a suitable amphiphilic graft copolymer comprises (i) a polyethylene glycol backbone; and (ii) and at least one pendant portion selected from polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and mixtures thereof. A non-limiting example of a commercially available amphiphilic graft copolymer is Sokalan HP22, supplied by BASF. dissolution aids
[0252] The filaments of the present invention may incorporate dissolution aids to accelerate dissolution when the filament contains more than 40% surfactant to mitigate the formation of insoluble or poorly soluble surfactant aggregates that can sometimes form or when the surfactant compositions Surfactants are used in cold water. Some non-limiting examples of dissolution aids include sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, magnesium chloride, and magnesium sulfate. Active agents that can be ingested
[0253] The filaments of the present invention may comprise one or more active agents that can be ingested. In one example, the active agents that may be ingested may comprise one or more active health care agents. Active health care agents
[0254] In one example, one or more health care assets (active health care agents) may be evenly distributed or substantially evenly distributed throughout the filament. In another example, one or more healthcare assets may be distributed as distinct regions within the filament. In yet another example, at least one health care asset is distributed evenly, or substantially uniformly across the filament, and at least one other health care asset is distributed as one or more distinct regions within of the filament. In yet another example, at least one health care asset is distributed as one or more distinct regions within the filament and at least one other health care asset is distributed as one or more distinct regions other than the first distinct region within of the filament.
[0255] The one or more health care actives may include respiratory agents, gastrointestinal agents, central nervous system (CNS) agents, anti-infection agents, nutritional agents, general wellness agents, and combinations thereof. The one or more health care actives of the present invention may also be selected from the group consisting of delayed release health care actives, extended release health care actives, immediate release, targeted release health care actives, and combinations thereof. In one example, one or more healthcare assets are encapsulated. In one example, the healthcare active is selected from the group consisting of dextromethorphan, fexofenadine, famotidine, naproxen, vitamin B9, and combinations thereof.
[0256] The personal health care articles of the present invention may also treat one or more health conditions. Some non-limiting examples of health conditions may include respiratory conditions, gastrointestinal conditions, CNS conditions, pathogenic infections, nutritional deficiencies, and combinations thereof.
[0257] The personal health care articles of the present invention may also provide one or more health benefits. Some non-limiting examples of health benefits may include respiratory benefits, gastrointestinal benefits, CNS benefits, anti-infection benefits, nutritional benefits, general wellness benefits, and combinations thereof.
[0258] In one example, healthcare assets where healthcare assets comprise particles. Health care article particles are smaller than about 1 μm, in another example, particles are smaller than about 750 nanometers (nm), in a different example, smaller than about 500 nm, in yet another example , less than about 250 nm, in another example, less than about 100 nm, in yet another example, less than about 50 nm, in another example, less than about 25 nm, in another example, less than about 50 nm 10 nm, in another example, less than about 5 nm, and in yet another example, less than about 1 nm.
[0259] All health care assets may be present from about 10% to about 90% by weight of the dry filament, in another example from about 15% to about 80% by weight of the filament dry, in a different example, from about 20% to about 75%, by weight of the dry filament, in another example, from about 25% to about 70%, by weight of the dry filament, in a different example, from about 30% to about 60%, by weight of the dry filament, and in another example, from about 35% to about 60%, by weight of the dry filament. In another example, the filament comprises more than about 10%, by weight of the dry filament, of health care assets, in yet another example, more than about 15%, by weight of the dry filament, of care assets. with health, in another example, more than about 25%, by weight of dry filament, of health care assets, in yet another example, more than 35%, by weight of dry filament, of care assets with health, in another example, more than about 40%, by weight of dry filament, of health care assets, in another example, more than about 45%, by weight of dry filament, of care assets with health, and in yet another example more than about 50%, by weight of the dry filament, of health care assets. respiratory agents
[0260] In one example, one or more health care assets may be a respiratory agent. Some non-limiting examples of respiratory agents may include nasal decongestants, mucolytics, expectorants, antihistamines, non-narcotic antitussives, demulcents, anesthetics, plant-derived respiratory agents, and combinations thereof. Respiratory agents can be used to treat respiratory conditions. Some non-limiting examples of respiratory conditions may include influenza, the common cold, pneumonia, bronchitis, and other viral infections; pneumonia, bronchitis, and other bacterial infections; allergies; sinusitis; rhinitis; and combinations of these items. Respiratory agents may provide a respiratory benefit. Some non-limiting examples of respiratory benefits may include the treatment of respiratory symptoms. Some non-limiting examples of respiratory symptoms include nasal congestion, chest congestion, rhinorrhea, cough, sneezing, headache, body ache, fever, fatigue or malaise, sore throat, difficulty breathing, sinus pressure, sinus pain, and combinations thereof.
[0261] Some non-limiting examples of decongestants may include phenylephrine, 1-deoxyephedrine, ephedrine, propylhexedrine, pseudoephedrine, phenylpropanolamine, and combinations thereof.
[0262] Non-limiting mucolytics may include ambroxol, bromhexine, N-acetylcysteine, and combinations thereof.
[0263] Non-limiting expectorants may include guaifenesin, terpine hydrate, and combinations thereof.
[0264] Some non-limiting examples of antihistamines may include chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, triprolidine, clemastine, phenyramine, bronpheniramine, dexbronpheniramine, loratadine, cetirizine and fexophenadine, amlexanox, alkylamine derivatives, cromolyn, acrivastine, ibudilast, bamipine, ketotifen, nedocromyl, omalizumab, dimetinden, oxatomide, pemirolast, pyrrobutamine, pentigetide, tenaldine, picumast, tolpropamine, ramatroban, repirinast, suplatast, aminoalkyl ester tosylate, tazanolast, bromodiphenhydramine, tranilast, carbinoxamine, traxanox, chlorfenoxamine, diphenylpyalin, embramine, p-methyldiphenhydramine, moxastine, orphenadrine, phenyltoloxamine, setastine, ethylenediamine derivatives, chlorpyramine, chloroten, metapyrilene, pyrilamine, thalastin, tenildiamine, tonzylamine hydrochloride, tripelenamine, piperazine, chlorcyclyzine, clocinizine, homochlorcyclizine, hydroxyzine, tricyclics, phenothiazine, mequitazine, promethazine, thiazine methylsulfate, azatadine, cyproheptadine, deptropine, desloratadine, isotippendyl, olopatadine, rupatadine, antazoline, astemizole, azelastine, bepotastine, clemizole, ebastine, emedastine, epinastine, levocabastine, mebhydroline, mizolastine, phenindamine, terfenadine, tritoqualine, and combinations of the same. In one example, the health care asset might be fexofenadine.
[0265] Some non-limiting examples of antitussives may include benzonatate, clofedianol, dextromethorphan, levodropropizine, and combinations thereof. In one example, the health care asset might be dextromethorphan.
[0266] Some non-limiting examples of demulcents may include glycerin, honey, pectin, gelatin, liquid sugar, and combinations thereof.
[0267] Some non-limiting examples of anesthetics may include menthol, phenol, benzocaine, lidocaine, hexylresorcinol, and combinations thereof.
[0268] Some non-limiting examples of plant-derived respiratory agents might include andrografis (Andrographis paniculata), garlic (Allium sativum L.), Eleutherococcus senticosus, a component of guaiacol (from cassia (Cinnamomum aromaticum) oils. , clove (Syzygium aromaticum, Eugenia aromaticum, Eugenia caryophyllata), or cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Cinnamomum verum, Cinnamomum loureiroi, Cinnamomum camphora, Cinnamomum tamala, Cinnamomum burmannii)), borage seed oil (Borago officinalis) ), sage (Salvia officinalis, Salvia lavandulaefolia, Salvia lavandulifolia), astragalus (Astragalus membraneceus), eupatorium (Eupatorium perfoliatum), chamomile (Matricaria recutita, Chamaemelum nobile), Cordyceps (Cordyceps sinensis), echinacea (Echinacea angustifolia DC, Echinacea pallida, Echinacea purpurea), elderberry (Sambucas nigra L.), Euphorbia, ginseng (American ginseng, Asian ginseng, Chinese ginseng, Korean red ginseng, Panax ginseng: Pan ax ssp. including P. ginseng CC Meyer, and P. quinquefolius L.), golden seal (Hydrastis canadensis L.), greater celandine (Chelidonium majus), horseradish (Armoracia rusticana, Cochlearia armoracia), maitake mushrooms (Grifola frondosa) mistletoe ( Visvum album L.), geranium (Pelargonium sidoides), spearmint/spearmint oil (Mentha x peperita L.), propolis, slippery elm (Ulmus rubra Muhl, Ulmus fulva Michx), Sorrel (Rumex acetosa L., Rumex acetosella L. ), thyme/thyme extract (Thymus vulgaris L.), wild indigo (Baptisia australis), quercetin (a flavanol), and combinations thereof. gastrointestinal agents
[0269] In one example, the one or more health care assets may be a gastrointestinal agent. Some non-limiting examples of gastrointestinal agents may include antidiarrheals, lower gastrointestinal agents, laxatives, antiemetics, antacids, anti-flatulents, H2 receptor antagonists, proton pump inhibitors, lipase inhibitors, rafting agents, probiotics, prebiotics. cos, dietary fiber, enzymes, plant-derived gastrointestinal agents, anesthetics, and combinations thereof. Gastrointestinal agents can be used to treat gastrointestinal conditions. Some non-limiting examples of gastrointestinal conditions may include, gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastritis, peptic ulcers, dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, colitis, Crohn's disease, Barrett's esophagus, gastrinoma, diarrhea, indigestion, constipation, obesity. disease, bursitis, diverticulitis, enteritis, enterocolitis, dysphagia, inflamed hemorrhoids, food poisoning and other bacterial infections, influenza and other viral infections, and combinations thereof. Gastrointestinal agents may provide gastrointestinal benefits. Some non-limiting examples of gastrointestinal benefits may include restoring digestive balance, treating gastrointestinal symptoms, and combinations thereof. Some non-limiting examples of gastrointestinal symptoms may include diarrhea, constipation, upset stomach, vomiting, stomach acid, cramping, gas, bloating, stomach pain, sore throat, difficulty gaining weight, unintentional weight loss, visceral hypersensitivity, feeling of fullness, indigestion, nausea, heartburn, urge to evacuate, loss of appetite, regurgitation, belching, flatulence, bloody stools, dehydration, and combinations thereof.
[0270] Some non-limiting examples of antidiarrheals may include loperamide, pharmaceutically acceptable salts of bismuth, attapulgite, activated charcoal, bentonite, and combinations thereof.
[0271] Some non-limiting examples of lower gastrointestinal agents may include mesalamine, olsalazine sodium, disodium balsalazide, sulfasalazine, tegaserod maleate, and combinations thereof.
[0272] Some non-limiting examples of laxatives may include bisacodyl, cascara sagrada, castor oil, dietary fiber, resistant starch, resistant maltodextrin, calcium docusate, sodium docusate, lactulose, sennosides, mineral oil, polyethylene glycol 400, polyethylene glycol 3350, and combinations thereof.
[0273] Some non-limiting examples of antiemetics may include cyclizine, meclizine, buclizine, dimenhydrinate, scopolamine, trimethobenzamide, dronabinol, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, aprepitant, and combinations thereof.
[0274] Some non-limiting examples of antacids may include sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, magaldrate, and combinations thereof.
[0275] Some non-limiting examples of antiflatulents may include simethicone.
[0276] Some non-limiting examples of H2 receptor antagonists may include famotidine, ranitidine, cimetidine, nizatidine, and combinations thereof. In one example, the health care asset might be famotidine.
[0277] Some non-limiting examples of proton pump inhibitors may include omeprazole, lansoprazole, esomeprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole, and combinations thereof.
[0278] Some non-limiting examples of lipase inhibitors may include orlistat.
[0279] The filament of the present invention may comprise rafting agents. Some non-limiting examples of rafting agents may include alginates, fenugreek, guar gum, xanthan gum, carrageenan, and combinations thereof.
[0280] The filament of the present invention may comprise probiotics. Some non-limiting examples of probiotics may include microorganisms of the genera Bacillus, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus (eg, Enterococcus faecium), Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, Saccharomyces, and combinations thereof. In another example of the invention, the probiotic is selected from bacteria of the genera Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and combinations thereof.
[0281] Some non-limiting examples of microorganisms may include strains of Streptococcus lactis, Streptococcus cremoris, Streptococcus diacetylactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus acidophilus (e.g. Lactobacillus acidophilus strain), Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus bifidus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus lactis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus delbruekii, Lactobacillus thermophilus, Lactobacillus fermentii, Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus reuteri, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium infantil, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium animalis, Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, Saccharomyces boulardii, Pediococcus cerevisia cerevisia salivarius, Bacillus coagulans, and combinations thereof.
[0282] Some non-limiting examples of prebiotics may include carob, citrus pectin, rice bran, carob, fructooligosaccharide, oligofructose, galactooligosaccharide, citrus pulp, mannanooligosaccharides, arabinogalactan, lactosucrose, glucomannan, polydextrose, apple, tomato pulp, carrot pulp, cassia gum, karaya gum, anta gum, gum arabic, and combinations thereof.
[0283] Some non-limiting examples of dietary fiber may include, but are not limited to, inulin, agar, beta-glucans, chitins, dextrins, lignin, cellulose, modified cellulose, cellulose ethers, hemicelluloses, non-starch polysaccharides, starch reduced, polycarbophil, partially hydrolyzed guar gum, wheat dextrin, and combinations thereof.
[0284] In one example, the dietary fiber comprises glucose polymers, preferably those that have branched chains. Among such suitable dietary fibers, one is available under the tradename "fibrasol2", commercially available from Matsutani Chemical Industry Co., Itami City, Hyogo, Japan.
[0285] Other non-limiting examples of suitable dietary fiber may include oligosaccharides such as inulin and its hydrolysis products commonly known as fructooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, xylooligosaccharides, starch oligoderivatives, and combinations thereof.
[0286] Dietary fiber may be provided in any suitable form. A non-limiting example is in the form of a material of plant origin that contains the fiber. Non-limiting examples of suitable plant-based materials include asparagus, artichoke, onion, wheat, chicory, beet pulp, residues of these plant-based materials, and combinations thereof.
[0287] A non-limiting example of a dietary fiber from this plant material is inulin extract obtained from chicory extract. Suitable inulin extracts can be obtained from Orafti SA of Belgium under the trademark Raftiline®. Alternatively, the dietary fiber may be in the form of a fructo-oligosaccharide which can be obtained from Orafti SA of Belgium under the trademark Raftilose®. Alternatively, an oligosaccharide can be obtained by hydrolyzing inulin, by enzymatic methods, or using microorganisms as will be understood by those skilled in the art. Alternatively, the dietary fiber may be inulin and/or unsweetened inulin available from Cargill Health & Food Technologies, Wayzata, MN, USA, or from Cosucra SA, Warcoing, Belgium.
[0288] In another example, the dietary fiber may be plantain, which is obtainable from The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH, USA under the trademark Metamucil®.
[0289] The strand of the present invention may comprise enzymes which may include purified enzymes, partially purified enzymes, enzyme-containing extracts, and combinations thereof. Enzymes can be produced synthetically, through genetic modification, or they can be produced naturally by plants, animals, or microorganisms. In some examples, enzymes are produced by plants such as peppermint, pineapple, or papaya. In other examples, the enzymes are produced by fungi such as Aspergillus, Candida, Saccharomyces, and Rhizopus. In another example, enzymes are produced by an animal such as a pig or cattle. In certain instances, enzymes help support more complete digestion of food for gastrointestinal health, regularity, and normal bowel function. In other examples, enzymes may provide wellness benefits or health benefits.
[0290] Some non-limiting examples of enzymes may include, but are not limited to, proteases, amylases, lipases, and combinations thereof.
[0291] Other non-limiting examples of enzymes may include bromelain, pepsin, papain, amyloglucosidase, glucoamylase, malt diastase, maltase, lactase, α-galactosidase, β-glucanase, cellusase, hemilase, hemicellulase, cellulase, xylanase, invertase, pectinase, pancreatin, renin, phytase, pancrelipase, and combinations thereof.
[0292] Some non-limiting examples of plant-derived gastrointestinal agents may include materials from the ginger family (Zigiberaceae), licorice root (Glycyrrhizin glabra), marshmallow root (Althea officinalis, Althea radix), fennel oil , fennel seed (Foeniculum vulgare), caraway oil, caraway seed (Carum carvi, Carvi fructus, Carvi aetheroleum), melissa (Melissae folium, Melissa), horehound (Murrubii herba), and alpha-acid linoleic acid from linseed (Lini semen). Agents for the central nervous system
[0293] In one example, the one or more health care assets may be an agent for the central nervous system (CNS). Some non-limiting examples of CNS agents may include insomnia agents, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, silicylates, opioid analgesics, assorted central nervous system stimulants, antiemetics, and combinations thereof. Antiemetics are described in the present invention. CNS agents can be used to treat CNS conditions. Some non-limiting examples of CNS conditions may include insomnia, restless legs syndrome, narcolepsy, pain, tobacco dependence, depression, attention deficit disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and combinations thereof. Some non-limiting examples of pain may include headache, migraine, arthritis, postoperative pain, toothache, and combinations thereof. Agents for the CNS can provide benefits to the CNS. Some non-limiting examples of CNS benefits may include increased alertness, restoration of normal circadian rhythm, treatment of CNS symptoms, and combinations thereof. Some non-limiting examples of CNS symptoms may include insomnia, abnormal circadian rhythm, pain, inflammation, fatigue, drowsiness, difficulty concentrating, irritation, vomiting, nausea, and combinations thereof.
[0294] The filament of the present invention may comprise agents for insomnia. Some non-limiting examples of agents for insomnia may include aolpidem, eszopiclone, zaleplon, doxepin, doxylamine, melatonin, ramelteon, estazolam, flurazepam hydrochloride, quazepam, temazepam, triazolam, and combinations thereof.
[0295] Some non-limiting examples of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may include acetaminophen, celecoxib, diclofenac, etodolac, fenoprofen calcium, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, mefenamic acid, meloxicam, naproxen, tolmethine sodium, indomethacin, and combinations thereof. In one example, the health care asset might be naproxen.
[0296] Some non-limiting examples of salicylates may include aspirin, magnesium salicylate, salsalate, diflunisal, and combinations thereof.
[0297] Some non-limiting examples of opioid analgesics may include codeine, hydromorphone hydrochloride, methadone hydrochloride, morphine sulfate, oxycodone hydrochloride, and combinations thereof.
[0298] The filament of the present invention may comprise assorted central nervous system stimulants. Some non-limiting examples of miscellaneous CNS stimulants may include nicotine, picrotoxin, pentylenetetrazole, and combinations thereof.Anti-Infection Agents
[0299] In one example, the one or more health care assets may be an anti-infection agent. Some non-limiting examples of anti-infection agents may include antivirals, microbicides, and combinations thereof. Anti-infection agents can be used to treat pathogenic infections. Some non-limiting examples of pathogenic infections may include tuberculosis, pneumonia, food poisoning, tetanus, tophoid fever, diphtheria, syphilis, meningitis, sepsis, leprosy, whooping cough, Lyme disease, gangrene, urinary tract infections, traveler's diarrhea, Staphylococcus methicillin-resistant aureus (MRSA), gonorrhea, Scarlet fever, cholera, herpes, hepatitis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), influenza, measles, mumps, human papillomavirus, polio virus, giardia, malaria, tapeworm, roundworm, and combinations thereof. Anti-infection agents may provide anti-infection benefits. Some non-limiting examples of anti-infection benefits may include treating symptoms of pathogenic infections. Some non-limiting examples of symptoms of pathogenic infections may include fever, inflammation, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abnormal white blood cell count, diarrhea, rash, skin lesions, sore throat, headache, stomach pain, muscle pain, fatigue, cough, chest pain, difficulty breathing, burning during urination, and combinations thereof.
[0300] Some non-limiting examples of antivirals may include ganciclovir, valganciclovir, aciclovir, famciclovir, valaciclovir, amantadine, ribavirin, rimantidine HCl, oseltamivir phosphate, adefovir dipivoxil, entecavir, and combinations thereof.
[0301] Some non-limiting examples of microbicides may include nitroimidazole antibiotics, tetracyclines, penicillin-based antibiotics such as amoxicillin, cephalosporins, carbopenems, aminoglycosides, macrolide antibiotics, lincosamide antibiotics, 4-quinolones, fluoroquinolones, rifamycins, rifaximin, macrolides, nitrofurantoin, and combinations thereof. nutritional agents
[0302] In one example, the one or more health care assets may be a nutritional agent. Some non-limiting examples of nutritional agents may include vitamins, minerals and electrolytes, dietary fiber, fatty acids, and combinations thereof. Nutritional agents can be used to treat nutritional deficiencies. Some non-limiting examples of nutritional deficiencies may include a depressed immune system, birth defects in newborns, heart disease, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, eye disease, night blindness, osteoporosis, beriberi, pellagra, scurvy, rickets, alcoholism, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), low hormone levels, hypertension, and combinations thereof. Nutritional agents may provide a nutritional benefit. Some non-limiting examples of nutritional benefits may include preventing disease, lowering cholesterol, increasing energy and alertness, preventing aging, restoring digestive balance, and treating symptoms of nutritional deficiency and combinations thereof. Some non-limiting examples of nutritional deficiency symptoms may include fatigue, muscle weakness, irritability, hair loss, unintentional weight loss, unintentional weight gain, slow wound healing, reduced mental capacity, stress, bone fractures, reduced vision, reduced wound healing rate, hyperactivity, dermatitis, muscle cramps, cardiac arrhythmias, depression, and combinations thereof.
[0303] Some non-limiting examples of vitamins may include vitamin C, vitamin D2 (cholecalciferol), vitamin D3 (ergocalciferol), vitamin A, vitamin B1 (thiamine), vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B3 (niacin), B5 ( pantothenic acid), vitamin B6 (pyridoxine, pyridoxal, or pyridoxamine), vitamin B7 (biotin), vitamin B9 (folic acid), vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin), vitamin E, and combinations thereof. In one example, the health care asset might be vitamin B9.
[0304] Some non-limiting examples of minerals and electrolytes may include zinc, iron, calcium, iodine, copper, magnesium, potassium, chromium, selenium, and combinations thereof.
[0305] Some non-limiting examples of antioxidants may include, but are not limited to polyphenols, superfruits, and combinations thereof.
[0306] Some non-limiting examples of health care actives containing polyphenols may include tea extract, coffee extract, turmeric extract, grape seed extract, blueberry extract, and combinations thereof. Some non-limiting examples of superfruits might include açaí, blueberry, blackberry, grape, guarana, mangosteen, noni, pomegranate, sea buckthorn, goji (wolfberry), acerola (Barbados cherry, Malpighia emarginata, Malpighia glabra), bay berry (yumberry, Myrica rubra), bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis), black aronia (aronia, Aronia melanocarpa), black currant (Ribes nigrum), camu camu (Myrciaria dubia) , sour cherry (Prunus cerasus), cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum), durian (Durio kutejensis), elderberry (Sambucus canadensis, Sambucus nigra), red guava (Psidium guajava, several species), Indian gooseberry (amalaka, amla, Phyllanthus emblica), kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa), cranberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea), lychee (Litchi chinensis), muscat grape (Vitis rotundifolia), papaya (Carica papaya), pomelo (Citrus maxima), saskatoon fruit (Amelanchier alnifolia, Nutt), tamarind (Tamarindus indica), wild cherry (Prunus avium), l imão Ichang (Citrus ichangensis, C. reticulata) and combinations thereof.
[0307] Some non-limiting examples of fatty acids may include omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, and combinations thereof.
[0308] Some non-limiting examples of omega-3 fatty acids may include alpha-linolenic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, stearidonic acid, eicosatrienoic acid, eicosatetraenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, tetracosapentaenoic acid , tetracosahexaenoic acid, and combinations thereof.
[0309] Some non-limiting examples of omega-6 fatty acids may include linoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, eicosadienoic acid, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, docosadienoic acid, adrenic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and combinations thereof. General wellness agents
[0310] In one example, the one or more health care assets may be a general welfare agent. Some non-limiting examples of general wellness agents may include agents that provide energy boosters, probiotics, prebiotics, dietary fiber, enzymes, vitamins, minerals and electrolytes, antioxidants, fatty acids, and combinations thereof. Probiotics, prebiotics, dietary fiber, enzymes, vitamins, minerals and electrolytes, antioxidants, and fatty acids are described here.
[0311] General welfare agents can be used to provide one or more general welfare benefits. Some non-limiting examples of general wellness benefits may include improvement and/or maintenance of respiratory health, gastrointestinal health, immune health, mobility and joint health, cardiovascular health, skin health, oral/dental health, hair health , eye health, reproductive health including menstrual health, ear, nose and throat health, mental health, energy, normal blood glucose levels, muscle strength, and combinations thereof.
[0312] The filament of the present invention may comprise agents that provide energy boosting. Energy boosting actives can provide mammals with more energy or a perception of more energy.
[0313] Some non-limiting examples of energy enhancing agents may include, but are not limited to, caffeine, green and black tea, taurine, rhodiola rosea, Siberian ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus), CoQ10, L-carnitine, L -theanine, guarana (Paullinia cupana), Schizandra chinensis, yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis), goji/"Wolfberry" (Lycium barbarum and L. chinense), quercetin (a flavonol of plant origin), amalaki/Indian gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica ), açaí (of the genus Euterpe), maca (Lepidium meyenii), ginkgo biloba, glucuronolactone, ginseng panax (from species of the genus Panax, a genus of 11 species of slow-growing perennial plants with fleshy roots, in the family Araliaceae), Echinacea (genus of nine species of herbaceous plants in the family Asteraceae), rooibos (Aspalathus linearis), DHEA, aromas and aromatherapy, noni (Morinda citrifolia), mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), and combinations thereof. Excipients:
[0314] The nonwoven filament and/or batt of the present invention may include one or more excipients. Some non-limiting examples of excipients may include filament-forming materials, aesthetic agents, and combinations thereof. Some non-limiting examples of filament-forming materials may include backbone materials, extensional auxiliaries, rheology modifiers, cross-linking agents, and combinations thereof. Some non-limiting examples of aesthetic agents may include flavorings, colorings, sensory elements (cooling and/or warming agents), sweeteners, salivation agents, and combinations thereof.
[0315] Some non-limiting examples of other active agents that may be ingested include essential oils as antimicrobial and/or flavoring agents, saliva stimulating agents, cooling agents, sweeteners, coloring agents, sulfur precipitating agents, vitamins, minerals, dietary agents, medicinal agents, and mixtures thereof. The. flavoring agents
[0316] Flavors that may be used include those known to those skilled in the art, such as natural and artificial flavors. These flavorings can be chosen from synthetic and aromatic flavor oils and/or flavoring oils, oily resins and extracts derived from plants, leaves, flowers, fruits and so on, and combinations thereof. Representative flavoring oils include: peppermint oil, cinnamon oil, spearmint oil, clove oil, bay oil, thyme oil, cedar leaf oil, nutmeg oil, sage oil, and bitter almond oil. . Also useful are artificial, natural or synthetic fruit flavors such as vanilla, chocolate, coffee, cocoa and citrus oil, including lemon, orange, grape, lime and pomelo and fruit essences including apple, pear, peach, strawberry. , raspberry, cherry, plum, pineapple, apricot and etc. These flavorings can be used individually or in a mixture. Commonly used flavorings include mints such as peppermint, artificial vanilla, cinnamon derivatives, and various fruit flavors, used singly or in blends. Flavors such as aldehydes and esters, including cinnamyl acetate, cinnamaldehyde, citral, diethyl acetal, dihydrocarvyl acetate, eugenyl formate, p-methylanisole, and the like can also be used. In general, any flavoring or food additive, such as those described in the document "Chemicals Used in Food Processing", publication 1274 by the National Academy of Sciences, pages 63 to 258, can be used. Additional examples of aldehyde flavors include, but are not limited to, acetaldehyde (apple); benzaldehyde (cherry, almond); cinnamic aldehyde (cinnamon); citral, i.e. alpha citral (lemon, lime); neral, i.e. citral beta (lemon, lime); decanal (orange, lemon); ethyl vanillin (vanilla, cream); heliotropin, i.e. piperonal (vanilla, cream); vanillin (vanilla, cream); alpha-amyl cinnamaldehyde (spicy fruit flavoring); butyraldehyde (butter, cheese); valeraldehyde (butter, cheese); citronellal (modifies, many types); de-canal (citrus fruits); C-8 aldehyde (citrus fruits); C-9 aldehyde (citrus fruits); C-12 aldehyde (citrus fruits); 2-ethyl butyraldehyde (berry fruit); hexenal, i.e. trans-2 (berry fruit); tolyl aldehyde (cherry, almond); veratraldehyde (vanilla); 2,6-dimethyl-5-heptenal, i.e. melonal (melon); 2-6-dimethyloctanal (green fruit); and 2-dodecenal (citrus, mandarin); Cherry; grape; mixtures of the same. and the like. B. Salivary flow stimulating agents
[0317] Some non-limiting examples of salivary flow stimulating agents include food acids such as citric, lactic, malic, succinic, ascorbic, adipic, fumaric, and tartaric acids. ç. cooling agents
[0318] Some non-limiting examples of cooling agents, which may be an essential oil, include monomentyl succinate, menthol (as L-menthol), camphor, eucalyptus oil, lavender oil (as lavender oil). Bulgaria), thymol, methyl salicylate, and mixtures thereof. d. sweeteners
[0319] Some non-limiting examples of suitable sweeteners that can be included in the filaments of the present invention include natural and artificial sweeteners. In one example, the sweetener is selected from the group consisting of:
[0320] A. Water-soluble sweetening agents such as monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides such as xylose, ribose, glucose (dextrose), mannose, galactose, fructose (levulose), sucrose (sugar), maltose, invert sugar (a mixture of fructose and sucrose-derived glucose), partially hydrolyzed starch, corn syrup solids, dihydrochhalcones, monelin, steviosides and glycyrrhizin.
[0321] B. Water-soluble artificial sweeteners such as the soluble salts of saccharin, i.e. sodium or calcium saccharin salts, cyclamate salts, the sodium, ammonium or calcium salt of 3,4-dihydro-6-methyl- 1,2,3-Oxathiazine-4-one-2,2-dioxide, the potassium salt of 3,4-dihydro-6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine-4-one-2,2-dioxide (acesulfame-K), the free acid form of saccharin, and the like;
[0322] C. Dipeptide-based sweeteners such as L-aspartic acid derived sweeteners such as L-aspartyl L-phenylalanine methyl ester (aspartame) and materials described in US Patent No. 3,492,131, L-alpha-hydrate aspartyl-N-(2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-3-thiethanyl)-D-alaninamide, L-aspartyl-L-phenyl glycerin methyl esters and L-aspartyl-L-2,5,dihydrophenyl-glycine, L-aspartyl-2,5-dihydro-L-phenylalanine, L-aspartyl-L-(1-cyclohexen)-alanine and the like;
[0323] D. water-soluble sweeteners derived from naturally occurring water-soluble sweeteners, such as a conventional chlorinated sugar derivative (sucrose) known, for example, under the description of sucralose product; and
[0324] E. protein-based sweeteners such as Thaumaoccous danielli (thaumatin I and II), and mixtures thereof. and. Sulfur precipitating agents (unpleasant odor reducing agents)
[0325] Sulfur precipitating agents useful in the present invention include metal salts such as copper salts and zinc salts. In one example, sulfur precipitating agents are selected from the group consisting of copper gluconate, zinc citrate, zinc gluconate, and mixtures thereof. f. medicinal agents
[0326] Any drug or suitable medicinal composition, prescription or over-the-counter, that can be ingested by an animal, such as a human, can be released by a filament in accordance with the present invention. For example, cough syrup or one or more of its ingredients can be released by ingesting one or more strands comprising the cough syrup or one or more of its ingredients. Similarly, an upset stomach reliever such as Pepto-BISMOL® or the ingredients contained therein such as bismuth subsalicylate can be delivered by a filament in accordance with the present invention. Furthermore, antiseptics and/or bactericidal and/or antimicrobials, for example alcohol and/or acids can be released by a filament according to the present invention. g. color agents
[0327] The filaments of the present invention may comprise one or more coloring agents or dyes. Coloring agents can be used in amounts effective to produce a desired color. Coloring agents useful in the present invention include pigments such as titanium dioxide, natural food colors and dyes suitable for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications, and mixtures thereof. Some coloring agents (dyes) are known as FD&C dyes and dye pastes. In one example, the coloring agents are water soluble. Some non-limiting examples of suitable coloring agents include FD&C Blue No. 2, which is the disodium salt of 5,5-indigo-tin-disulfonic acid, the dye known as Green No. 3 comprises a triphenyl methane dye and is 4-[4-N-ethyl-p-sulfobenzylamino)diphenyl-methylene]-[1-N-ethyl-Np-sulfonium benzyl)-2,5-cyclohexadienimine] monosodium salt, and mixtures thereof. A full mention of other suitable FD&C and D&C dyes and their corresponding chemical structures can be found in the Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Volume 5, pages 857 to 884, the text of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Other additives
[0328] A wide variety of other ingredients useful in the filaments can be included in the filaments. Some non-limiting examples of such other ingredients include carriers, hydrotropes, processing aids, dyes or pigments, solvents, and solid fillers or other liquid fillers, erythrosine, colloidal silica, waxes, probiotics, surfactin, aminocellulose polymers, ricinoleate of zinc, perfume microcapsules, rhamnolipids, sophorolipids, glycopeptides, methyl ester sulfonates, methyl ester ethoxylates, sulfonated stolides, cleavable surfactants, biopolymers, silicones, modified silicones, aminosilicones, deposition aids, gum locust bean, cationic hydroxy ethyl cellulose polymers, cationic guar gum, hydrotropes (especially cumene sulfonate salts, toluene sulfonate salts, xylene sulfonate salts, and naphthalene salts), antioxidants, BHT, dyes or perfumes encapsulated in PVA particles , pearlizing agents, effervescent agents, color change systems, polyurethanes lemon, opacifiers, tablet disintegrators, biomass fillers, quick-drying silicones, glycol distearate, hydroxy ethyl cellulose polymers, hydroxy ethyl cellulose polymers or hydrophobically modified cellulose polymers, perfume encapsulated with starch , emulsified oils, bisphenol antioxidants, microfibrous cellulose structuring agent, pro-perfumes, styrene/acrylate polymers, triazines, soaps, superoxide dismutase, benzophenone protease inhibitors, functionalized TiO2, dibutyl phosphate , silica perfume capsules and other auxiliary ingredients, diethylenetriaminepentacetic acid, Tiron (1,2-dihydroxy-benzene-3,5-disulfonic acid), hydroxy-ethanedimethylene-phosphonic acid, methyl glycine diacetic acid, choline oxidase, pectate lyase, triaryl methane blue and violet basic dyes, methine blue and violet basic dyes, anthraquinone blue and violet basic dyes, azo dyes Basic Blue 16, Basic Blue o 65, Basic Blue 66 Basic Blue 67, Basic Blue 71, Basic Blue 159, Basic Violet 19, Basic Violet 35, Basic Violet 38, Basic Violet 48, oxazine dyes, Basic Blue 3, Basic Blue 75, Basic Blue 95, Blue Basic 122, Basic Blue 124, Basic Blue 141, Nile Blue A and xanthene dye Basic Violet 10, an alkoxylated triphenyl methane polymeric dye; an alkoxylated thiopene polymeric dye; thiazolium dye, mica, titanium dioxide coated mica, bismuth oxychloride, and other actives.
[0329] The filaments of the present invention may also contain vitamins and amino acids such as: water-soluble vitamins and their derivatives, water-soluble amino acids and their salts and/or derivatives, viscosity modifiers of water-insoluble amino acids, dyes , non-volatile solvents or thinners (insoluble and soluble in water), pearlizing aids, foam boosters, additional non-ionic surfactants or co-surfactants, pediculocytes, pH adjusting agents, perfumes, preservatives, heat transfer agents, chelators, proteins, skin active agents, sunscreens, UV absorbers, vitamins, niacinamide, caffeine and minoxidil.
[0330] The filaments of the present invention may also contain pigment materials such as inorganic, nitroso, monoazo, disazo, carotenoid, triphenyl methane, triaryl methane, xanthene, quinoline, oxazine, azine, anthraquinone, indigoid, thionindigoid, quinacridone, phthalocyanine - in natural, botanical colors, including: water-soluble components such as those with CI names. The compositions of the present invention may also contain microbicidal agents which are useful as cosmetic biocides.
[0331] In one example, the filaments of the present invention may comprise processing aids elements and/or materials that provide a signal (visual, audible, smell, tactile sensation, taste) that identifies when one or more of the active agents within the filament and/or fiber has been released from the filament and/or fiber. buffer system
[0332] The filaments of the present invention can be formulated so that, during use in an aqueous cleaning operation, for example, laundry or dishwashing, the wash water has a pH of between about 5.0 and about 12 and/or between about 7.0 and 10.5. In the case of a dishwashing operation, the pH of the wash water is typically between about 6.8 and about 9.0. In the case of laundry, the pH of the water is typically between 7 and 11. Techniques for controlling pH at recommended usage levels include the use of buffers, alkalis, acids, etc., and are well known to those skilled in the art. . These include the use of sodium carbonate, citric acid or sodium citrate, monoethanolamine or other amines, boric acid or borates, and other pH adjusting compounds well known in the art.
[0333] Filaments useful as "low pH" detergent compositions are included in the present invention and are especially suitable for the surfactant systems of the present invention and can provide in-use pH values of less than 8.5 and/or less than 8, 0 and/or less than 7.0 and/or less than 7.0 and/or less than 5.5 and/or about 5.0.
[0334] Filaments with dynamic pH profile in washing are included in the present invention. Such filaments may use wax coated citric acid particles in conjunction with other pH control agents so that (i) 3 minutes after contact with water, the pH of the wash liquid is greater than 10; (ii) 10 minutes after contact with water, the pH of the washing liquid is less than 9.5; (iii) 20 minutes after contact with water, the pH of the washing liquid is less than 9.0; and (iv) optionally, the equilibrium pH of the washing liquid being in the range of above 7.0 to 8.5. Active agent release
[0335] One or more active agents may be released from the filament when it is exposed to a trigger condition. In one example, one or more active agents may be released from the filament or a part of the filament when the filament or part of the filament loses its identity, in other words, it loses its physical structure. For example, a filament loses its physical structure when the filament-forming material dissolves, melts, or undergoes some other transformation step so that the filament's structure is lost. In one example, the one or more active agents are released from the filament when the morphology of the filament changes.
[0336] In another example, one or more active agents can be released from the filament or a part of the filament when the filament or part of the filament changes its identity, in other words, it changes its physical structure instead. of losing their physical structure. For example, a filament changes its physical structure when the filament-forming material swells, shrinks, lengthens, and/or shortens, but retains its filament-forming properties.
[0337] In another example, one or more active agents can be released from the filament without the filament's morphology changing (without loss or alteration of its physical structure).
[0338] In one example, the filament may release an active agent when the filament is exposed to a triggering condition that results in the release of the active agent, such as by causing the filament to lose or change its identity, as discussed above. Some non-limiting examples of actuation conditions include exposing the filament to a solvent, a polar solvent such as alcohol and/or water, and/or a non-polar solvent, which may be sequential depending on whether the filament-forming material comprising a polar solvent soluble material and/or a non-polar solvent soluble material; exposing the filament to heat, such as at a temperature greater than 24°C (75°F) and/or greater than 38°C (100°F) and/or greater than 65°C (150°F) and/or greater than 93°C (200°F) and/or greater than 100°C (212°F); exposing the filament to cold, such as a temperature less than 4°C (40°F) and/or less than 0°C (32°F) and/or less than -18°C (0°F); exposing the filament to a force, such as a stretching force applied by a consumer using the filament; and/or exposing the filament to a chemical reaction; exposing the filament to a condition that results in a phase shift; exposing the filament to a pH change and/or pressure change and/or temperature change; exposing the filament to one or more chemicals that cause the filament to release one or more of its active agents; exposing the filament to ultrasonics; exposing the filament to light and/or certain wavelengths; exposing the filament to a different ionic strength; and/or exposing the filament to an active agent released from another filament.
[0339] In one example, one or more active agents can be released from the filaments of the present invention when a non-woven mat comprising the filaments is subjected to an actuation step selected from the group consisting of: pre-treating stains on an article of fabric with the non-woven blanket; forming a washing liquid by placing the non-woven mat in contact with water; tumble the non-woven blanket in a dryer; heating the non-woven blanket in a dryer; and combinations thereof. Filament-forming composition
[0340] The filaments of the present invention are produced from a filament-forming composition. The filament forming composition is a polar solvent based composition. In one example, the filament-forming composition is an aqueous composition comprising one or more filament-forming materials and one or more active agents.
[0341] The filament-forming composition of the present invention may have a shear viscosity, as measured by the shear viscosity test method described herein, of from about 1 Pascahseconds to about 25 Pascahseconds and/or from about 2 Pascahseconds to about from 20 Pascahseconds and/or from about 3 Pascahseconds to about 10 Pascahseconds, as measured at a shear rate of 3000 sec-1 and processing temperature (50°C to 100°C).
[0342] The filament forming composition may be processed at a temperature of from about 50°C to about 100°C and/or from about 65°C to about 95°C and/or from about 70°C at about 90°C when making filaments from the filament-forming composition.
[0343] In one example, the filament-forming composition may comprise at least 20% and/or at least 30% and/or at least 40% and/or at least 45% and/or at least 50% at about 90 % and/or about 85% and/or about 80% and/or about 75%, by weight, of one or more filament-forming materials, one or more active agents, and mixtures thereof. The filament-forming composition may comprise from about 10% to about 80%, by weight, of a polar solvent such as water.
[0344] The filament-forming composition may have a capillary number of at least 1 and/or at least 3 and/or at least 5, so that the filament-forming composition can be effectively polymerically processed into a fiber. of hydroxyl polymer.
[0345] The capillary number is a dimensionless number used to characterize the probability of occurrence of this breakage in droplets. A higher capillary number indicates greater stability of the fluid as it leaves the matrix. The capillary number is defined as shown below:
V is the fluid velocity at the exit of the die (units of Length per Time),n is the fluid viscosity under the conditions of the die (units of Mass per Length*Time),α and the surface tension of the fluid (units of Mass per Time2 ). When velocity, viscosity, and surface tension are expressed in a set of consistent units, the resulting capillary number will have no units of its own; the individual units will have canceled each other out.
[0346] The capillary number is defined for the conditions in the matrix output. The fluid velocity is the average velocity of the fluid as it passes through the die opening. The average speed is defined as shown below:
Vol' = volumetric flow rate (units of Length3 per Time), Area = cross-sectional area of the die output (units of Length2).
[0347] When the die opening is a circular hole, the fluid velocity can be defined as:

[0348] Fluid viscosity will depend on temperature, and may depend on shear rate. The definition of a fluid whose viscosity decreases under shear includes a dependence on the shear rate. The surface tension will depend on the composition and temperature of the fluid.
[0349] In a fiber spinning process, the filaments need to have an initial stability as they leave the matrix. The capillary number is used to characterize this initial stability criterion. Under matrix conditions, the capillary number must be greater than 1 and/or greater than 4.
[0350] In one example, the filament-forming composition has a capillary number of at least 1 to about 50 and/or at least 3 to about 50 and/or at least 5 to about 30.
[0351] The filament-forming composition of the present invention may have a shear viscosity of from about 1 Pascahseconds to about 25 Pascahseconds and/or from about 2 Pascahseconds to about 20 Pascahseconds and/or from about 2 Pascahseconds to about 20 Pascahseconds. 3 Pascahseconds to about 10 Pascahseconds, as measured at a shear rate of 3000 sec-1 and processing temperature (50°C to 100°C).
[0352] The filament forming composition may be processed at a temperature of from about 50°C to about 100°C and/or from about 65°C to about 95°C and/or from about 70°C at about 90°C when making fibers from the filament-forming composition.
[0353] In one example, the non-volatile components of the spinning composition may comprise from about 20% and/or 30% and/or 40% and/or 45% and/or 50% to about 75% and/or or 80% and/or 85% and/or 90%. Non-volatile components can be composed of filament-forming materials, such as main-chain polymers, actives and combinations thereof. The volatile component of the spinning composition will comprise the remaining percentage and is in the range of 10% to 80%.
[0354] The filament-forming composition may have a capillary number of at least 1 and/or at least 3 and/or at least 5, so that the filament-forming composition can be effectively polymerically processed into a fiber. of hydroxyl polymer.
[0355] The capillary number is a dimensionless number used to characterize the probability of occurrence of this breakage in droplets. A higher capillary number indicates greater stability of the fluid as it leaves the matrix. The capillary number is defined as shown below:
V is the fluid velocity at the exit of the die (units of Length per Time),n is the fluid viscosity under the conditions of the die (units of Mass per Length*Time),α and the surface tension of the fluid (units of Mass per Time2 ). When velocity, viscosity, and surface tension are expressed in a set of consistent units, the resulting capillary number will have no units of its own; the individual units will have canceled each other out.
[0356] The capillary number is defined for the conditions in the matrix output. The fluid velocity is the average velocity of the fluid as it passes through the die opening. The average speed is defined as shown below:
Vol' = volumetric flow rate (units of Length3 per Time), Area = cross-sectional area of the die output (units of Length2).
[0357] When the die opening is a circular hole, the fluid velocity can be defined as:
R is the radius of the circular hole (length units).
[0358] Fluid viscosity will depend on temperature, and may depend on shear rate. The definition of a fluid whose viscosity decreases under shear includes a dependence on the shear rate. The surface tension will depend on the composition and temperature of the fluid.
[0359] In a filament spinning process, the filaments need to have an initial stability as they leave the matrix. The capillary number is used to characterize this initial stability criterion. Under matrix conditions, the capillary number must be greater than 1 and/or greater than 4.
[0360] In one example, the filament-forming composition has a capillary number of at least 1 to about 50 and/or at least 3 to about 50 and/or at least 5 to about 30.
[0361] In one example, the filament-forming composition may comprise one or more release agents and/or lubricants. Some non-limiting examples of suitable release agents and/or lubricants include fatty acids, fatty acid salts, fatty alcohols, fatty esters, sulfonated fatty acid esters, fatty amine acetates and fatty amides, silicones, aminosilicones, fluorope - limes, and mixtures thereof.
[0362] In one example, the filament-forming composition may comprise one or more anti-blocking and/or anti-tacking agents. Some non-limiting examples of suitable anti-blocking and/or anti-tacking agents include starches, modified starches, cross-linked polyvinyl pyrrolidone, cross-linked cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, silica, metal oxides, calcium carbonate, talc, and mica.
[0363] The active agents of the present invention can be added to the filament-forming composition before and/or during filament formation and/or can be added to the filament after filament formation. For example, a perfume active agent can be applied to the filament and/or non-woven mat comprising the filament after the filament and/or non-woven mat according to the present invention is formed. In another example, an enzyme active agent can be applied to the filament and/or non-woven mat comprising the filament after the filament and/or non-woven mat according to the present invention is formed. In yet another example, one or more particulate active agents, such as one or more ingestible active agents, such as bismuth subsalicylate, which may not be suitable for passing through the spinning process to make the filament, can be applied to the non-woven filament and/or batt comprising the filament after the non-woven filament and/or batt according to the present invention is formed. extension auxiliaries
[0364] In one example, the filament comprises an extensional auxiliary. Some non-limiting examples of extensional auxiliaries may include polymers, other extensional auxiliaries, and combinations thereof.
[0365] In one example, the extensional auxiliaries have a weight average molecular weight of at least about 500,000 Da. In another example, the weight average molecular weight of the extensional auxiliary is from about 500,000 to about 25,000,000, in another example from about 800,000 to about 22,000,000, in yet another example from about 1,000,000 to about 20,000,000, and in yet another example from about 2,000,000 to about 15,000,000. High molecular weight extensional auxiliaries are preferred in some examples of the invention because of their ability to increase the extensional viscosity in the molten state and reduce fracture of the molten material.
[0366] The extensional auxiliary, when used in a blow-spinning process, is added to the composition of the present invention in an amount effective to visibly reduce melt fracture and capillary breakage of fibers during the spinning process, so that substantially continuous fibers of relatively consistent diameter can be spun in the melt. Regardless of the process employed to produce the filaments, extensional auxiliaries, when used, may be present from about 0.001% to about 10%, by weight of the dry filament, in one example, and in another example, from about 0.005 to about 0.005 to about 10%, by weight of the dry filament. about 5% by weight of the dry filament, in yet another example from about 0.01 to about 1% by weight of the dry filament, and in yet another example from about 0.05% to about 0.05% by weight of the dry filament. 5% by weight of dry filament.
[0367] Some non-limiting examples of polymers that can be used as extensional auxiliaries may include alginates, carrageenans, pectin, chitin, guar gum, xanthan gum, agar, gum arabic, karaya gum, gum tragacanth, locust bean gum. , alkyl cellulose, hydroxy alkyl cellulose, carboxy alkyl cellulose, and mixtures thereof.
[0368] Some non-limiting examples of other extension aids may include carboxyl-modified polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyethylene vinyl acetate, polyethylene imine, polyamides. , polyalkylene oxides including polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polyethylene propylene oxide, and mixtures thereof. Method for producing the filament
[0369] The filaments of the present invention may be produced by any suitable process. A non-limiting example of a suitable process for making the filaments is described below.
[0370] In one example, a method for producing a filament in accordance with the present invention comprises the steps of: a. providing a filament-forming composition comprising one or more filament-forming materials and one or more active agents; and b. spinning the filament-forming composition into one or more filaments comprising the one or more filament-forming materials and the one or more active agents that can be released from the filament when exposed to conditions of intended use, the total content of which of the one or more filament-forming materials present in the filament is less than 65% and/or 50% or less, by weight of the dry filament, and the total content of the one or more active agents present in the filament is more than 35% and/or 50% or more by weight of the dry filament.
[0371] In one example, during the spinning step, any volatile solvent, such as water, present in the filament-forming composition is removed, such as by drying, while the filament is formed. In one example, more than 30% and/or more than 40% and/or more than 50% by weight of the volatile solvent of the filament-forming composition, such as water, is removed during the spinning step, such as by drying the filament. that is being produced.
[0372] The filament-forming composition may comprise any suitable total content of filament-forming materials and any suitable content of active agents provided that the filament produced from the filament-forming composition comprises a total content of filament-forming materials in the filament of about 5% to 50% or less, by weight of the dry filament, and a total content of active agents in the filament of from 50% to about 95%, by weight of the dry filament.
[0373] In one example, the filament-forming composition may comprise any suitable total content of filament-forming materials and any suitable content of active agents provided that the filament produced from the filament-forming composition comprises a total content of filament-forming materials. filament in the filament from about 5% to 50% or less, by weight of the dry filament, and a total content of active agents in the filament of 50% to about 95%, by weight of the dry filament, with the ratio between the weight of the filament-forming material and the weight of the additive is 1 or less.
[0374] In one example, the filament-forming composition comprises from about 1% and/or from about 5% and/or from about 10% to about 50% and/or from about 40% and/or about 30% and/or about 20%, by weight of the filament-forming composition, of filament-forming materials; from about 1% and/or from about 5% and/or from about 10% to about 50% and/or from about 40% and/or from about 30% and/or from about 20% , by weight of the filament-forming composition, of active agents; and/or from about 20% and/or from about 25% and/or from about 30% and/or from about 40% and/or to about 80% and/or to about 70% and/or to about 60% and/or about 50%, by weight of the filament-forming composition, of a volatile solvent such as water. The filament-forming composition may comprise minor amounts of other active agents, such as less than 10% and/or less than 5% and/or less than 3% and/or less than 1%, by weight of the filament-forming composition of plasticizers. , pH adjusting agents, and other active agents.
[0375] The filament forming composition is spun into one or more filaments by any suitable spinning process, such as blow spinning and/or continuous spinning. In one example, the filament forming composition is spun into a plurality of filaments by blow spinning. For example, the filament forming composition can be pumped from an extruder into a meltblown die. Upon exiting one or more of the filament-forming holes in the spinneret, the filament-forming composition is attenuated with air to create one or more filaments. The filaments can then be dried to remove any remaining solvent used for spinning, such as water.
[0376] The filaments of the present invention may be collected on a mat, such as a mat shaped to form a non-woven mat comprising the filaments. non-woven blanket
[0377] One or more and/or a plurality of filaments of the present invention can form a non-woven batt by any suitable process known in the art. The non-woven mat can be used to release active agents from the filaments of the present invention when the non-woven mat is exposed to the conditions of intended use of the filaments and/or non-woven mat.
[0378] While the filament and/or nonwoven batt and/or film of the present invention are in solid form, the filament-forming composition used to make the filaments of the present invention may be in the form of a liquid.
[0379] In one example, the nonwoven batt comprises a plurality of identical or substantially identical filaments in accordance with the present invention from a compositional perspective. In another example, the non-woven batt may comprise two or more different filaments in accordance with the present invention. Some non-limiting examples of differences in filaments may be physical differences such as differences in diameter, length, texture, shape, stiffness, elasticity, and the like; chemical differences such as crosslinking level, solubility, melting point, Tg, active agent, filament-forming material, color, active agent content, filament-forming material content, presence of any coating on the filament, biodegradable or not, hydrophobic or not, contact angle, and the like; differences in whether or not the filament loses its physical structure when it is exposed to the conditions of intended use; differences in whether filament morphology changes when the filament is exposed to conditions of intended use; and differences in the rate at which the filament releases one or more of its active agents when the filament is exposed to conditions of intended use. In one example, two or more filaments within the nonwoven web may comprise the same filament-forming material but have different active agents. This can occur when different active agents may be incompatible with each other, for example an anionic surfactant (such as a shampoo active agent) and a cationic surfactant (such as a hair conditioning active agent).
[0380] In another example, as shown in Figure 4, the non-woven mat 20 may comprise two or more different layers 22, 24 (in the z-direction of the non-woven mat 20 of the filaments 16 of the present invention that form the mat of non-woven fabric 20. The filaments 16 in layer 22 may be the same as or different from the filaments 16 in layer 24. Each layer 22, 24 may comprise a plurality of identical or substantially identical or different filaments. For example, filaments which can release their agents assets at a faster rate than others within the non-woven mat can be positioned on an outer surface of the non-woven mat.
[0381] In another example, the non-woven mat may have different regions, such as different regions of weight, density and/or gauge. In yet another example, the non-woven mat may comprise texture on one or more of its surfaces. A surface of the non-woven mat may comprise a pattern, such as a non-random repeating pattern. The non-woven mat can be embossed with an embossing pattern. In another example, the non-woven mat may comprise openings. The openings can be arranged in a non-random repeating pattern.
[0382] In one example, the non-woven mat may comprise distinct regions of filaments that differ from other parts of the non-woven mat.
[0383] Some non-limiting examples of the use of the non-woven blanket of the present invention include, but are not limited to, a drying substrate for washing clothes, substrate for washing machine, bath sponge, substrate for cleaning and/or polishing. of hard surfaces, substrate for cleaning and/or floor polishing, as a component in a battery, baby wipes, adult wipes, feminine hygiene wipes, fabric bath wipes, substrate for window cleaning, substrate for containment and /or oil sequestration, insect repellent substrate, chemical substrate for swimming pools, food, breath freshener, deodorant, waste disposal bag, film and/or packaging wrap, wound dressing, medication release, building insulation, cover and/or stratification of crops and/or plants, glue substrate, skin care substrate, hair care substrate, air care substrate, substrate and/or filter o for water treatment, toilet bowl cleaning substrate, bullet substrate, pet food, livestock stratification, tooth whitening substrates, carpet cleaning substrates, and other suitable uses of the active agents herein invention.
[0384] The non-woven mat of the present invention may be used as is or may be coated with one or more active agents.
[0385] In another example, the non-woven mat of the present invention may be passed into a film, for example, by applying a compressive force and/or heating to the non-woven mat to convert the non-woven mat into a film. The film would comprise the active agents that were present in the filaments of the present invention. The non-woven mat may be completely converted to a film or parts of the non-woven mat may remain on the film after partial conversion of the non-woven mat to the film. The films may be used for any suitable purposes for which the active agents may be used, including, but not limited to, the uses exemplified for the non-woven mat.
[0386] In one example, the non-woven mat of the present invention has an average disintegration time per g of sample less than 120 and/or less than 100 and/or less than 80 and/or less than 55 and/or less than 50 and/or less than 40 and/or less than 30 and/or less than 20 seconds/gram (s/g), as measured in accordance with the Dissolution Test Method described herein.
[0387] In another example, the non-woven blanket of the present invention has an average dissolution time per g of sample less than 950 and/or less than 900 and/or less than 800 and/or less than 700 and/or less than 600 and/or less than 550 s/g, as measured in accordance with the Dissolution Test Method described herein.
[0388] In one example, the non-woven blanket of the present invention has a thickness greater than 0.01 mm and/or greater than 0.05 mm and/or greater than 0.1 mm and/or at about 20 mm and/or at about 10 mm and/or at about 5 mm and/or at about 2 mm and/or at about 0.5 mm and/or at about 0.3 mm, as measured by the Method of Thickness Test described here.Automatic Dishwashing Articles
[0389] Automatic dishwashing articles comprise one or more filaments and/or fibers and/or non-woven mats and/or films of the present invention and a surfactant system and, optionally, one or more optional ingredients known in the art of cleaning, for example, useful in cleaning dishes in an automatic dishwasher. Examples of these optional ingredients include: antifoulings, bleaching agents, perfumes, dyes, antibacterial agents, enzymes (e.g. protease), cleaning polymers (e.g. alkoxylated polyethylene imine polymer), hydrotropes, foam inhibitors , carboxylic acids, thickening agents, preservatives, disinfecting agents, pH buffering means so that automatic dishwashing liquid generally has a pH of 3 to 14 (alternatively, 8 to 11), or mixtures thereof. Examples of actives for automatic dishwashing are described in US 5,679,630; US 5,703,034; US 5,703,034; US 5,705,464; US 5,962,386; US 5,968,881; US 6,017,871; US 6,020,294.
[0390] Scale formation can be a problem. It can be caused by precipitation of carbonates, phosphates, and alkaline earth metal silicates. Examples of antifoulings include polyacrylates and acrylic acid-based polymers combined with other moieties. The sulfonated varieties of these polymers are particularly effective in zero phosphate formulation runs. Examples of anti-scalants include those described in US 5,783,540, column 15, line 20 to column 16, line 2; and EP 0 851 022 A2, page 12, lines 1 to 20.
[0391] In one embodiment, an automatic dishwashing article is provided which comprises a filament and/or fiber and/or non-woven mat of the present invention, a non-ionic surfactant, a sulfonated polymer, optionally, a chelator, optionally a builder, and optionally a bleaching agent, and mixtures thereof. A method of cleaning dishware is provided, comprising the step of placing a dose of an automatic dishwashing article of the present invention into an automatic dishwashing machine. Hand dishwashing items
[0392] Hand dishwashing articles comprise one or more filaments and/or fibers and/or nonwoven batts and/or films of the present invention and a surfactant system, and optionally, one or more optional ingredients known in the art cleaning tools, for example, useful when cleaning dishes manually. Examples of these optional ingredients include: perfume, dyes, bactericidal agents, enzymes (e.g. protease), cleaning polymers (e.g. alkoxylated polyethylene imine polymer), hydrotropes, polymeric foam stabilizers, bleaching agent, diamines, carboxylic acids - liquids, thickening agents, preservatives, disinfecting agents, pH buffering means so that the dishwashing liquid generally has a pH of 3 to 14 (preferably 8 to 11), or mixtures thereof. Examples of hand dishwashing assets are described in US 5,990,065; and US 6,060,122.
[0393] In one embodiment, the hand dishwashing article surfactant comprises an alkyl sulfate, an alkoxy sulfate, an alkyl sulfonate, an alkoxy sulfonate, an alkyl aryl sulfonate, an amine oxide, an betaine or a derivative of an aliphatic or heterocyclic secondary and tertiary amine, a quaternary ammonium surfactant, an amine, an alkoxylated alcohol alone or multiple times, an alkyl polyglycoside, a fatty acid amide surfactant, an amide of C8-C20 ammonia, a monoethanol amide, a diethanol amide, an isopropanol amide, a polyhydroxy fatty acid amide, or a mixture thereof.
[0394] A dishwashing method is provided, comprising the step of placing a dose of a hand-held dishwashing article of the present invention into a sink or basin suitable for containing dirty dishes. The sink or basin may contain water and/or dirty dishes. Hard surface cleaning article
[0395] The articles for cleaning hard surfaces comprise one or more filaments and/or fibers and/or batts of non-woven and/or films of the present invention and, optionally, one or more optional ingredients known in the cleaning art, for example , useful in cleaning hard surfaces, as an acid constituent, e.g. an acid constituent that provides good performance for lime scale removal (e.g. formic acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, acetic acid, boric acid, maleic acid, adipic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, malonic acid, glycolic acid or mixtures thereof). Examples of ingredients that may be included in an acidic hard surface cleaning article may include those described in US 7,696,143. Alternatively, the hard surface cleaning article comprises an alkalinity constituent (e.g., alkanolamine, carbonate, bicarbonate compound, or mixtures thereof). Examples of ingredients that may be included in an alkaline hard surface cleaning article may include those described in US 2010/0206328 A1. A method of cleaning a hard surface includes using or placing a dose of a hard surface cleaning article in a method for cleaning a hard surface. In one embodiment, the method comprises placing a dose of an article for cleaning hard surfaces in a bucket or similar container, optionally adding water to the bucket before or after placing a dose of the article in the bucket. In another embodiment, the method comprises placing a dose of a hard surface cleaning article in a toilet bowl, optionally scrubbing the surface of the toilet bowl after the article has been dissolved in the water contained in the toilet.
[0396] A toilet cleaning head for a toilet cleaning implement comprising one or more filaments and/or fibers and/or non-woven mats and/or films of the present invention is provided. The toilet cleaning head can be disposable. The toilet cleaning head can be detachably attached to a handle so that the user's hands remain away from the toilet bowl. In one embodiment, the toilet cleaning head may contain a water-dispersible wrapper. In turn, the water-dispersible wrapper may comprise one or more filaments and/or fibers and/or webs of non-woven and/or films of the present invention. This water-dispersible wrapper can enclose a core. The core may comprise at least one granular material. The granular core material may comprise surfactants, organic acids, perfumes, disinfectants, bleaches, detergents, enzymes, particulates, or mixtures thereof. Optionally, the core may be cellulose-free, and may comprise one or more filaments and/or fibers and/or nonwoven batts and/or films of the present invention. Examples A suitable toilet cleaning head can be produced in accordance with commonly assigned patent application serial number US 12/901,804 (case P&G 11892). A suitable toilet cleaning head containing starch materials can be produced in accordance with Commonly Assigned Patent Application US Serial Numbers 13/073,308 (P&G Case 12048), 13/073,274 (P&G Case 12049) and /or 13/07.3346 (case P&G 12054). A method of cleaning a toilet bowl surface is provided, comprising the step of bringing the toilet bowl surface into contact with a toilet bowl cleaning head of the present invention. Usage methods
[0397] The non-woven batts or films comprising one or more active fabric treatment agents in accordance with the present invention may be used in a method of treating a fabric article. The method of treating a fabric article may comprise one or more steps selected from the group consisting of: (a) pre-treating the fabric article before washing the fabric article; (b) contacting the fabric article with a washing liquid formed by contacting the non-woven mat or film with water; (c) placing the fabric article in contact with the non-woven mat or film in a dryer; (d) drying the woven article in the presence of the non-woven mat or film in a dryer; and (e) combinations thereof.
[0398] In some embodiments, the method may additionally comprise the step of pre-wetting the non-woven mat or film before placing it in contact with the fabric article to be pre-treated. For example, the non-woven mat or film may be pre-moistened with water and then adhered to a portion of the fabric comprising a stain which is to be pre-treated. Alternatively, the fabric can be dampened and the blanket or film placed over or adhered to it. In some embodiments, the method may further comprise the step of selecting only a portion of the nonwoven web or film for use in treating a woven article. For example, if only one fabric treatment article is treated, a portion of the non-woven batt or film may be cut and/or torn and placed on or adhered to the fabric or placed in water to form a relatively small amount of liquid. washing machine which is then used to pre-treat the fabric. In this way, the user can customize the fabric treatment method according to the next task. In some embodiments, at least a portion of a non-woven mat or film may be applied to the fabric to be treated using a device. Exemplary devices include, but are not limited to, brushes or sponges. Any one or more of the above steps may be repeated to achieve the desired fabric treatment benefit. Process for making a film
[0399] The non-woven mat of the present invention can be converted into a film. An example of a process for making a film from a non-woven batt in accordance with the present invention comprises the steps of: a. providing a non-woven batt comprising a plurality of filaments comprising a filament-forming material, for example, a polar solvent-soluble filament-forming material; and b. convert the non-woven blanket into a film.
[0400] In an example of the present invention, a process for manufacturing a film from a non-woven mat comprises the steps of providing a non-woven mat and converting the non-woven mat into a film.
[0401] The step of converting the non-woven mat into a film may comprise the step of subjecting the non-woven mat to a force. The force may comprise a compressive force. The compressive force may apply from about 0.2 MPa and/or from about 0.4 MPa and/or from about 1 MPa and/or at about 10 MPa and/or at about 8 MPa and/or at about 6 MPa pressure to the non-woven mat.
[0402] The non-woven blanket may be subjected to force for at least 20 milliseconds and/or at least 50 milliseconds and/or at least 100 milliseconds and/or at about 800 milliseconds and/or at about 600 milliseconds and/or or at about 400 milliseconds and/or at about 200 milliseconds. In one example, the non-woven mat is subjected to force for a period of time from about 400 milliseconds to about 800 milliseconds.
[0403] The non-woven blanket may be forcibly subjected to a temperature of at least 50°C and/or at least 100°C and/or at least 140°C and/or at least 150°C and/or at least minus 180°C and/or at about 200°C. In one example, the non-woven mat is subjected to force at a temperature of about 140°C to about 200°C.
[0404] The non-woven mat can be supplied from a roll of non-woven mat. The resulting film can be wound onto a film reel. non-limiting examples
[0405] Some non-limiting examples of filaments in accordance with the present invention are produced by the use of a small scale apparatus 26, whose schematic representation is shown in Figures 5 and 6. A pressurized tank 28 suitable for batch operations is filled. with a filament-forming composition 30, for example, a filament-forming composition which is suitable for making filaments useful as fabric care compositions and/or dishwashing compositions.
[0406] In a first example, as shown in Example 1 below, a filament-forming composition 30 in accordance with the present invention is produced as follows: two separate parts are combined to produce the filament-forming composition 30. A first part , part A, containing 15% by weight polyvinyl alcohol solids solution is produced by mixing dry polyvinyl alcohol with 85% by weight deionized water and heating the mixture to about 90°C and adding mechanical mixing, if necessary, until all or substantially all of the polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in the deionized water. This material is then naturally cooled to about 23°C ± 2°C (73°F ± 4°F). Next, a second part, part B, containing 24.615% by weight of deionized water and additives in equilibrium, including active agents such as surfactants, pH adjusting agents and chelating agents which have a combined total weight percentage greater than 50% is then added to part A. The resulting mixture is hand-mixed to form the filament-forming composition. This filament formation is suitable for spinning into filaments in accordance with the present invention.
[0407] In a second example, as shown in Example 2 below, a filament former composition 30 combines Part A and Part B in the indicated weight percentages shown in Table 2A below. The weight percentage of ingredients in a filament resulting from the filament-forming composition of Table 2A is shown in Table 2B below.
[0408] In a third example, as shown in example 3 below, a filament forming composition combines part A and part B in the indicated weight percentages shown in Table 3A below. The percentage by weight of ingredients in a filament resulting from the filament-forming composition of Table 3A is shown in Table 3B below.
[0409] In a fourth example, as shown in example 4 below, a filament forming composition contains the ingredients shown in table 4 below.
[0410] In a fifth example, as shown in example 5 below, a filament forming composition contains the ingredients shown in table 5 below.
[0411] In a sixth example, as shown in example 6 below, a filament forming composition contains the ingredients shown in table 6 below.
[0412] In a seventh example, as shown in example 7 below, a filament forming composition contains the ingredients shown in table 7 below.
[0413] Additional examples are given in Examples 8 to 12 below.
[0414] A 32 pump (e.g. a Zenith® pump, type PEP II that has a capacity of 5.0 cubic centimeters per revolution (cc/rev), produced by Parker Hannifin Corporation, Zenith Pump Division, Sanford, NC, USA) is used to pump the filament-forming composition 30 to a die 34. The flow of material from the filament-forming composition to a die 34 is controlled by adjusting the number of revolutions per minute (rpm) of the pump 32. Tubes 36 are connected to the tank 28, the pump 32, and the die 34 so as to transport (as shown by the arrows) the filament-forming composition 30 from the tank 28 to the pump 32 and into the die 34. The die 34 as shown in Fig. Figure 6 has two or more rows of circular extrusion nozzles 38 spaced apart from each other at a spacing P of about 1.524 millimeters (about 0.060 inches). The nozzles 38 have individual inside diameters of about 0.305 millimeters (about 0.012 inches) and individual outside diameters of about 0.813 millimeters (about 0.032 inches). Each individual nozzle 38 is surrounded by an annular and divergently flared hole 40 to supply attenuating air to each individual nozzle 38. The filament-forming composition 30 which is extruded through the nozzles 38 is surrounded and attenuated by streams of generally humidified air. cylinders supplied through holes 40 surrounding nozzles 38 to produce filaments 42. Attenuation air is obtained by heating compressed air from a source by means of an electrical resistance heater, for example, a heater produced by Chromalox, Division of Emerson Electric, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. An adequate amount of water vapor is added to the attenuation air to saturate or nearly saturate the heated air under the conditions in the electrically heated, thermostatically controlled transport pipeline. Condensate is removed in an electrically heated, thermostatically controlled separator. The filaments 42 are dried by a stream of drying air having a temperature of about 149°C. (about 300°F) to about 315°C. (with respect to 600°F) by an electrical resistance heater (not shown) supplied through drying nozzles (not shown) and discharged at an angle of about 90° to the general orientation of the filaments 42 being spun.
[0415] Filaments may be collected on a collecting device such as a mat or fabric, in one example a mat or fabric capable of imparting a pattern, for example a non-random repeating pattern to a non-woven blanket formed as a result of the collection of the filaments in the mat or fabric.
[0416] Example 1 - An example of a nonwoven filament and/or blanket of the present invention suitable for providing a beauty benefit is shown in Table 1 below.

Sigma-Aldrich Catalog No. 363081, molecular weight 85,000-124,000, 87-89% hydrolyzed Table 1
[0417] Example 2 - Table 2A below sets forth another example of a filament former composition of the present invention for making filaments and/or the non-woven mat of the present invention suitable for providing a beauty benefit.
1 Sigma-Aldrich Catalog No. 363081, molecular weight 85,000-124,000, 87-89% hydrolyzed 2 McIntyre Group Ltd, University Park, IL, Mackam HPL-28ULS 3 UCARE™ Polymer LR-400, available from AmercholCorporation (Plaquemine, Louisiana, USA) Table 2A
[0418] The filaments resulting from the filament-forming composition of Table 2A shows the following contents of active agents and filament-forming materials shown in Table 2B below.
Table 2B
[0419] Example 3 - Table 3A below presents another example of a filament former composition of the present invention for making the filaments and/or nonwoven mat of the present invention suitable for providing a beauty benefit.

1 Sigma-Aldrich Catalog No. 363081, molecular weight 85,000-124,000, 87-89% hydrolyzed 2 McIntyre Group Ltd, University Park, IL, Mackam HPL-28ULS3 UCARE™ Polymer LR-400, available from Amerchol Corporation (Plaquemine, Louisiana, USA)4 PM average 8,000,000, available from Sigma Aldrich, catalog number 372838Table 3A
[0420] The filaments resulting from the filament-forming composition of Table 3A shows the following contents of active agents and filament-forming materials shown in Table 3A below.
Table 3B
[0421] Example 4 - Table 4 below presents another example of a filament-forming composition of the present invention for making filaments and/or a non-woven mat of the present invention suitable for use as a laundry detergent.
1 Celvol 523, Celanese/Sekisui, molecular weight 85,000 to 124,000, 87 to 89% hydrolyzedTable 4
[0422] Example 5 - Table 5 below presents another example of a filament-forming composition of the present invention for making filaments and/or a non-woven mat of the present invention suitable for use as a laundry detergent.

1 Celvol 523, Celanese/Sekisui, molecular weight 85,000 to 124,000, 87 to 89% hydrolyzedTable 5
[0423] Example 6 - Table 6 below sets forth another example of a filament forming composition of the present invention for making filaments and/or a nonwoven blanket of the present invention suitable for use as a hand dishwashing detergent.

1 Celvol 523, Celanese/Sekisui, molecular weight 85,000 to 124,000, 87 to 89% hydrolyzed* calculated Table 6
[0424] Example 7 - Table 7 below presents another example of a filament-forming composition of the present invention for making filaments and/or a non-woven mat of the present invention suitable for use as a laundry detergent.

1 Celvol 523, Celanese/Sekisui, molecular weight 85,000 to 124,000, 87 to 89% hydrolyzedTable 7
[0425] Example 8 - Table 8 below presents another example of a filament-forming composition of the present invention for making filaments and/or a non-woven mat of the present invention suitable for use as a laundry detergent.
1 Celvol 523, Celanese/Sekisui, molecular weight 85,000 to 124,000, 87 to 89% hydrolyzedTable 8
[0426] Example 9 - Table 9 below presents another example of a filament-forming composition of the present invention for making filaments and/or a non-woven mat of the present invention suitable for use as a laundry detergent.
1 Celvol 523, Celanese/Sekisui, molecular weight 85,000 to 124,000, 87 to 89% hydrolyzed* CalculatedTable 9
[0427] Example 10 - Tables 10A to 10F present another example of a filament forming composition according to the present invention and its components as well as the final composition of the filaments and/or non-woven produced therefrom. Such non-woven filaments and/or mat are suitable for use as a laundry detergent. Laundry Detergent Premix


Table 10F
[0428] Example 11 - Table 11A presents an example of an enzyme composition; specifically, a dried enzyme pellet, which may be added to a nonwoven filament and/or batt comprising the filaments of the present invention. Table 11B shows an example of a non-woven mat according to the present invention comprising the dried enzyme pellet of Table 11A.

[0429] Example 12 - Table 12 shows an example of a non-woven mat according to the present invention comprising a cellulose enzyme that is added to the non-woven mat or one or more filaments that form the non-woven mat after the filaments and/or the non-woven mat have been formed.
test methods
[0430] Unless otherwise noted, all tests described herein, including those described under the Definitions section and the test methods presented below, are conducted with samples that have been conditioned in a conditioned room at a temperature of about 23 °C ± 2°C (73°F ± 4°F) and a relative humidity of 50% ± 10% for 2 hours prior to testing. Samples conditioned as described in the present invention are considered dry samples (as "dry filaments") for the purposes of this invention. Furthermore, all tests are conducted in said conditioned environment. Water content test method
[0431] The water (moisture) content present in a filament and/or fiber and/or non-woven mat is measured using the following water content test method.
[0432] A filament and/or non-woven or portion thereof ("sample") is placed in a room conditioned at a temperature of about 23°C ± 2°C (73°F ± 4°F) and a humidity relative to 50% ± 10% for at least 24 hours prior to testing. The sample weight is recorded when no additional weight change is detected for at least a 5 minute period. Record this weight as the "equilibrium weight" of the sample. Then place the sample in a drying oven for 24 hours at 70°C with a relative humidity of about 4% to dry the sample. After 24 hours of drying, immediately weigh the sample. Record this weight as the "dry weight" of the sample. The water (moisture) content of the sample is calculated as follows: % water (moisture) in the sample = 100% x (equilibrium weight of the sample - dry weight of the sample) dry weight of the sample
[0433] The % water (moisture) in the sample for 3 replicates is measured to give the % water (moisture) reported in the sample. Dissolution test method Apparatus and materials: 600 mL beakerMagnetic stirrer (Labline model #1250 or equivalent) Magnetic stirring rod (5 cm) Thermometer (1 to 100°C +/- 1°C) Mold, stainless steel (3.8 cm x 3.2 cm) Timer (0 to 300 seconds, accurate to one second) 35 mm blade holder with an open area of 3.8 cm x 3.2 cm (commercially available from Polaroid Corporation) 35 mm blade holder fastener Cincinnati City water or equivalent with the following properties: Total hardness = 155 mg/L as CaCO3; Calcium content = 33.2 mg/L; Magnesium content = 17.5 mg/L; Phosphate content = 0.0462Sample preparation1. Cut 3 test samples from a film or a non-woven blanket to be tested ("sample") using the template to ensure the sample fits inside the 35 mm slide holder with open area dimensions of 24 x 36 mm (i.e. 3.8 cm x 3.2 cm specimen). Cut samples from areas of the film or non-woven mat equally spaced along the transverse direction of the film or non-woven mat.2. Secure each of the 3 specimens to a separate 35 mm slide holder.3. Place a magnetic stirring rod in the 600 mL beaker.4. Obtain 500 mL or more of Cincinnati City water and measure the water temperature with the thermometer and, if necessary, adjust the water temperature to keep it at the test temperature; specifically, 5°C. Once the water temperature is 5°C, fill the 600 mL beaker with 500 mL of water.5. Then place the beaker on the magnetic stirrer. Turn on the stirrer, and adjust the stirring speed until a vortex develops in the water and the bottom of the vortex is at the 400 mL mark in the 600 mL beaker.6. Clamp the 35mm slide holder with the specimen attached to it to a fixture designed to lower the 35mm slide holder into the water in the beaker, e.g. an alligator clip from a 35mm slide holder fixture designed to position the 35 mm slide holder into the water present in the 600 mL beaker. The 35 mm blade holder is held by the alligator clip in the middle of one long end of the 35 mm blade holder so that the long ends of the 35 mm blade holder are parallel to the surface of the water present in the 600 mL beaker . This setup will position the surface of the film or nonwoven perpendicular to the water flow. A slightly modified example of an arrangement of a 35mm blade holder and blade holder holder is shown in Figures 1 to 3 of US Patent 6,787,512. 7. In one motion, the 35mm blade holder holder, which positions the 35mm blade holder above the center of the water in the beaker, is released causing the 35mm blade holder to be sufficiently submerged in the water. so that the water contacts the entire exposed surface area of the film or non-woven sample held in the 35 mm slide holder. As soon as the water comes into contact with the entire exposed surface area of the film or non-woven, start the timer. Disintegration occurs when the film or nonwoven separates. When all visible film or non-woven is released from the slide holder, lift the 35mm slide holder out of the water, continuing to monitor the water for dissolved film or non-woven fragments. Dissolution occurs when all film or nonwoven fragments can no longer be seen in the water.8. Three replicates of each sample are made.9. Each disintegration and dissolution time is normalized by the weight of the sample to obtain values for the disintegration and dissolution times per g of sample tested, which is in units of seconds/gram of sample (s/g). The average disintegration and dissolution times per g of sample tested from the three replicates are recorded. Diameter test method
[0434] The diameter of a distinct filament or filament within a non-woven mat or film is determined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or an optical microscope and image analysis software. A magnification of 200 to 10,000 times is chosen so that the filaments are properly magnified for measurement. When using SEM, samples are bombarded with ions with a gold or palladium compound to avoid electrical charge and vibrations of the filament in the electron beam. A manual procedure to determine filament diameters is used from the image (on the monitor screen) together with the SEM or optical microscope. Using a mouse and cursor tool, the edge of a randomly selected filament is searched and then measured by its width (that is, perpendicular to the filament direction at that point) to the other edge of the filament. A scaled and calibrated image analysis tool provides the scale change to obtain a true reading in micrometers (μm). For filaments within a non-woven mat or film, multiple filaments are randomly selected by sampling the non-woven mat or film using SEM or an optical microscope. At least two portions of the non-woven web or film (or web within a product) are cut and tested in this way. In total, at least 100 such measurements are made and then all data is recorded for statistical analysis. The recorded data is used to calculate the mean (median) of filament diameters, standard deviation of filament diameters, and the median of filament diameters.
[0435] Another useful statistic is calculating the amount of the filament population that is below a certain upper limit. To determine this statistic, the software is programmed to count how many filament diameter results are below an upper limit and that count (divided by the total number of data and multiplied by 100%) is reported as a percentage as a percentage below the upper limit, as a percentage below 1 micrometer in diameter or %-submicron, for example. The measured diameter (in μm) of an individual circular filament is denoted as di.
[0436] In case the filaments have non-circular cross-sections, the measurement of the filament diameter is determined as and set equal to the hydraulic diameter, which is four times the filament cross-sectional area divided by the filament cross-sectional perimeter ( outer perimeter in the case of hollow filaments). The numerical average diameter, alternatively the average diameter is calculated as:
thickness method
[0437] The thickness of a non-woven mat or film is measured by cutting 5 samples from a sample of non-woven mat or film so that each sample cut is larger than a one-foot loading surface load on a VIR Electronic Thickness Tester Model II Thickness Tester, available from Thwing-Albert Instrument Company of Philadelphia, PA, USA. Typically, the loading surface of the load foot has a circular surface area of about 20.3 cm 2 (3.14 inches 2 ). The sample is confined between a flat horizontal surface and the loading surface of the load foot. The loading surface of the load foot applies a confining pressure of 15.5 g/cm2 to the sample. The gauge of each sample is the resulting gap between the flat surface and the loading surface of the load foot. The gauge is calculated as the average of the gauges of five samples. The result is recorded in millimeters (mm). Shear viscosity test method
[0438] The shear viscosity of a filament forming composition of the present invention is measured using a Goettfert Rheograph 6000 capillary rheometer, produced by Goettfert USA of Rock Hill, SC, USA. Measurements are conducted using a capillary array having a diameter D of 1.0 mm and a length L of 30 mm (ie, L/D = 30). The die is connected to the lower end of the 20 mm cylinder of the rheometer, which is kept at a temperature of 75°C for testing the die. A 60 g sample of the preheated filament forming composition to die test temperature is loaded into the cylinder section of the rheometer. All trapped air is removed from the sample. The sample is pushed from the cylinder through the capillary matrix at predefined rates in the range of 1,000 to 10,000 seconds-1. An apparent shear viscosity can be calculated with the rheometer software, based on the pressure drop experienced by the sample as it leaves the cylinder and passes through the capillary matrix, and the flow rate of said sample through said capillary matrix. The log (apparent shear viscosity) can be plotted against the log (shear rate) and it can be adjusted by the power law, according to the formula n = KYn-1, characterized by the fact that where K is the material's viscosity constant, n is the material's thinning index, and Y is the shear rate. The recorded apparent shear viscosity of the filament forming composition of the present invention is calculated from an interpolation for a shear rate of 3000 s-1 using the power law relationship. Weight test method
[0439] The weight of a fibrous structure sample is measured by selecting twelve (12) individual fibrous structure samples and forming two stacks with six individual samples each. If the individual samples are connected to each other via perforation lines, these perforation lines need to be aligned on the same side when stacking the individual samples. A precision cutter is used to cut each stack into squares that are exactly 8.9 x 8.9 cm (3.5 inches x 3.5 inches). The two stacks of cut squares are combined to form a grammage block twelve squares thick. The block weight is then weighed on a top-loading scale with a minimum resolution of 0.01 g. The top-loading scale must be protected from draughts and other disturbances with the use of a wind shield. Weights are recorded when the scale readings are constant. The weight is calculated as shown below:
Weight average molecular weight
[0440] The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of a material, such as a polymer, is determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using a mixed bed column. A high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) having the following components: Millenium® pump, model 600E, system controller and controller software version 3.2, model 717 Plus autosampler, and column heater CHM-009246, all produced by Waters Corporation of Milford, MA, USA is used. The column is a mixed A column of 20 μm PL gel (molecular weight of the gel ranges from 1,000 g/mol to 40,000,000 g/mol) having a length of 600 mm and an internal diameter of 7.5 mm and the column bulkhead is a 20 μm PL gel, 50 mm long, 7.5 mm ID. The column temperature is 55°C and the injection volume is 200 μL. The detector is a DAWN® Enhanced Optical System (EOS) including Astra® software, detector software version 4.73.04, produced by Wyatt Technology of Santa Barbara, CA, USA, K5 cell laser light scattering detector and 690nm laser. The gain on odd-numbered detectors was set to 101. The gain on even-numbered detectors was set to 20.9. Wyatt Technology's Optilab® differential refractometer was set at 50°C. Yield adjusted to 10. Mobile phase is HPLC grade dimethyl sulfoxide with 0.1% w/v LiBr and mobile phase flow rate is 1 mL/min, isocratic. Running time is 30 minutes.
[0441] A sample is prepared by dissolving material in the mobile phase at nominally 3 mg material /1 mL mobile phase. The sample is capped and shaken for about 5 minutes using a magnetic stirrer. The sample is then placed in an 85°C convection oven for 60 minutes. The sample is then naturally cooled while standing at room temperature. The sample is then filtered through a 5 μm Spartan-25 nylon membrane produced by Schleicher & Schuell of Keene, NH, USA in a 5 milliliter (mL) autosampling vial using a 5 mL syringe. .
[0442] For each series of measured samples (3 or more samples of a material), a virgin sample of solvent is injected into the column. Then, a verification sample is prepared in a similar way to that indicated for the samples described above. The check sample consists of 2 mg/mL of pullulan (Polymer Laboratories) with a weight average molecular weight of 47,300 g/mol. The verification sample is analyzed before analyzing each set of samples. Tests on the virgin sample, the verification sample, and the material test samples are done in duplicate. The final round is a pass of the virgin sample. The light scattering detector and differential refractometer are performed in accordance with the "Dawn EOS Light Scattering Instrument Hardware Manual" and "Optilab® DSP Interferometric Refractometer Hardware Manual", both produced by Wyatt Technology Corp., Santa Barbara , CA, USA, and both are incorporated herein by reference.
[0443] The weight average molecular weight of the sample is calculated using the detector software. A dn/dc (differential change in refractive index with concentration) value of 0.066 is used. Baseline values for laser light detectors and the refractive index detector are corrected to remove dark current and solvent scatter contributions. If a laser light detector signal is saturated or shows excessive noise, it is not used in the molecular mass calculation. The regions for molecular weight characterization are selected so that both the signal for the 90° laser light scattering detector and the signal for the refractive index are greater than 3 times their respective background noise levels. Typically, the high molecular weight side of the chromatogram is limited by the refractive index signal and the low molecular weight side is limited by the laser light signal.
[0444] The weight average molecular weight can be calculated using a "first order Zimm plot" as defined in the detector software. If the weight average molecular weight of the sample is greater than 1,000,000 g/mol, both first- and second-order Zimm plots are calculated, and the result with the smallest error from a regression fit is used to calculate the molecular mass. The reported weight average molecular weight is the average of the two passes of the sample Filament composition test method
[0445] In order to prepare the filaments for filament composition measurement, the filaments must be conditioned by removing any coating compositions and/or materials present on the outer surfaces of the filaments that are removable. An example of a method to do this is to wash the filaments 3 times with distilled water The filaments are then air dried at about 23°C ± 2°C (73°F ± 4°F) until the filaments comprise less of 10% humidity. A chemical analysis of the conditioned filaments is then completed to determine the compositional formation of the filaments with respect to filament-forming materials and active agents and the level of filament-forming materials and active agents present in the filaments.
[0446] The compositional formation of filaments with respect to filament-forming material and active agents can also be determined by completing a cross-sectional analysis using TOF-SIMs or scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Yet another method for evaluating the compositional formation of filaments uses a fluorescent dye as a marker. Also, as always, a filament manufacturer must know the compositions of their filaments.
[0447] The dimensions and values presented in the present invention should not be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values mentioned. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each of these dimensions is intended to mean both the mentioned value and a range of functionally equivalent values around that value. For example, a dimension displayed as "40mm" is intended to mean "about 40mm".
[0448] Each of the documents cited in the present invention, including any cross-reference, related patent or patent application, is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. Citation of any document is not an admission that it is technically forward in relation to any invention presented or claimed herein, or that the same, alone or in any combination with any other reference or references, teaches, suggest or present any such invention. In addition, if there is a conflict between any meaning or definition of a term mentioned in this document and any meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition given to said term in this document will take precedence.
[0449] While specific examples and/or embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, it is intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

权利要求:
Claims (22)
[0001]
1. Method for delivering one or more active agents to fabric articles or hard surfaces, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: a. providing a non-woven batt comprising a plurality of interwoven filaments, at least one of the filaments having a diameter greater than 1 μm and comprising a filament-forming composition comprising one or more water-soluble filament-forming materials comprising hydroxyl polymer and one or more active agents that are removable from the filament when the filament is exposed to conditions of intended use, wherein the total content of the one or more filament-forming materials present in the filament is less than 40% by weight on a basis of the filament dry, and the total content of one or more active agents present in the filament is greater than 60% by weight on a dry filament basis; wherein the one or more active agents are selected from the group consisting of fabric care active agents, dishwashing active agents and hard surface active agents; with the proviso that when the active agent comprises an enzyme, the enzyme is present in an amount of from 0.001% to 5% by weight on a dry filament basis; and b. trigger the release of one or more of the active agents from the filament.
[0002]
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuation step comprises exposing the filament to moisture.
[0003]
3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuation step comprises exposing the filament to a temperature greater than 24°C (75°F).
[0004]
4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuation step comprises the step of applying a force to the filament.
[0005]
5. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that the step of applying a force to the filament comprises stretching the filament.
[0006]
6. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuation step comprises exposing the filament to a chemical reaction.
[0007]
7. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuation step causes the filament to lose its structure.
[0008]
A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the filament loses its filament structure as a result of at least a part of filament swelling.
[0009]
A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the filament loses its filament structure as a result of at least a part of the filament shrinkage.
[0010]
10. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the active agent is an active tissue treatment agent.
[0011]
11. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuation step comprises one or more steps selected from the group consisting of: a. pre-treating stains on a fabric article with the non-woven mat; b. forming a washing liquid by placing the non-woven mat in contact with water; c. tumble the non-woven blanket in a dryer; d. heating the non-woven blanket in a dryer; and is. combinations thereof.
[0012]
12. Method for delivering one or more active agents to fabric articles or hard surfaces, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: a. providing a non-woven batt comprising a plurality of interwoven filaments, at least one of the filaments having a diameter greater than 1 µm and comprising a filament-forming composition comprising one or more water-soluble filament-forming materials comprising a hydroxyl polymer and one or more active agents that are removable from the filament as the filament morphology changes, wherein the total content of the one or more filament-forming materials present in the filament is less than 40% by weight on a dry filament basis , and the total content of the one or more active agents present in the filament is greater than 60% by weight on a dry filament basis; wherein the one or more active agents are selected from the group consisting of active agents for treating fabrics, agents actives for dishwashing and active agents for hard surface; with the proviso that when the active agent comprises an enzyme, the enzyme is present in an amount of from 0.001% to 5% by weight on a dry filament basis; and b. trigger the release of one or more of the active agents from the filament.
[0013]
13. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the actuation step comprises exposing the filament to moisture.
[0014]
14. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the actuation step comprises exposing the filament to a temperature greater than 24°C (75°F).
[0015]
15. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the actuation step comprises the step of applying a force to the filament.
[0016]
16. Method according to claim 15, characterized in that the step of applying a force to the filament comprises stretching the filament.
[0017]
17. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the actuation step comprises exposing the filament to a chemical reaction.
[0018]
18. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the actuation step causes the filament to lose its structure.
[0019]
A method as claimed in claim 18, characterized in that the filament loses its filament structure as a result of at least a part of filament swelling.
[0020]
A method according to claim 18, characterized in that the filament loses its filament structure as a result of at least a part of the filament shrinkage.
[0021]
21. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the active agent is an active tissue treatment agent.
[0022]
22. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the actuation step comprises one or more steps selected from the group consisting of: a. pre-treating stains on a fabric article with the non-woven mat; b. forming a washing liquid by placing the non-woven mat in contact with water; c. tumble the non-woven blanket in a dryer; d. heating the non-woven blanket in a dryer; and is. combinations thereof.

类似技术:

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公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题

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US20210189602A1|2021-06-24|Filaments Comprising a Non-Perfume Active Agent Nonwoven Webs and Methods for Making Same

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US20180338890A1|2018-11-29|Method for Delivering an Acitve Agent

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BR112013000069B1|2021-04-20|non-woven blanket comprising a plurality of polymer filaments, and active agent, as well as a method for treating fabric article

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RU2607747C1|2017-01-10|Method for producing films from non-woven fabrics

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RU2541949C2|2015-02-20|Filaments, containing active agent, non-woven cloths and methods of obtaining them

同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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EP2588655B1|2017-11-15|

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CN103025930B|2014-11-12|

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JP5759544B2|2015-08-05|

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CA2803382C|2015-03-31|

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JP2017101372A|2017-06-08|

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US20120053108A1|2012-03-01|

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MX2012015187A|2013-05-09|

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JP6138858B2|2017-05-31|

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RU2555042C2|2015-07-10|

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RU2012154300A|2014-08-10|

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US20180338890A1|2018-11-29|

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JP2015227526A|2015-12-17|

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BR112013000044A2|2021-04-13|

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US20150265502A1|2015-09-24|

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CN103025930A|2013-04-03|

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JP6346319B2|2018-06-20|

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WO2012003367A3|2012-03-01|

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WO2012003367A2|2012-01-05|

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US9074305B2|2015-07-07|

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JP2013531145A|2013-08-01|

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EP2588655A2|2013-05-08|

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US10045915B2|2018-08-14|

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ZA201209424B|2014-05-28|

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CA2803382A1|2012-01-05|

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法律状态:
2021-04-27| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

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2021-08-10| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

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2021-11-03| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

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2022-01-04| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 30/06/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. PATENTE CONCEDIDA CONFORME ADI 5.529/DF, QUE DETERMINA A ALTERACAO DO PRAZO DE CONCESSAO. |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US36115910P| true| 2010-07-02|2010-07-02|

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US61/361,159|2010-07-02|

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PCT/US2011/042667|WO2012003367A2|2010-07-02|2011-06-30|Method for delivering an active agent|

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